Modification of fiber properties through grafting of acrylonitrile to rayon by chemical and radiation methods

Abstract

Fibrous properties of rayon has been modified through synthesis of graft copolymers of rayon with acrylonitrile (AN) by chemical method using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN/HNO3) as a redox initiator and gamma radiation mutual method. Percentage of grafting (Pg) was determined as a function of initiator concentration, monomer concentration, irradiation dose, temperature, time of reaction and the amount of water. Maximum percentage of grafting (160.01%) using CAN/HNO3 was obtained at [CAN] = 22.80 × 10−3 mol/L, [HNO3] = 112.68 × 10−2 mol/L and [AN] = 114.49 × 10−2 mol/L in 20 mL of water at 45 °C within 120 min while in case of gamma radiation method, maximum Pg (90.24%) was obtained at an optimum concentration of AN of 76.32 × 10−2 mol/L using 10 mL of water at room temperature with total dose exposure of 3.456 kGy/h. The grafted fiber was characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA and XRD studies. Swelling behavior of grafted rayon in different solvents such as water, methanol, ethanol, DMF and acetone was studied and compared with the unmodified rayon. Dyeing behavior of the grafted fiber was also investigated.

Gamma radiation-induced grafting of poly(butyl acrylate) onto ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer for improved crude oil flowability

“…This can be ascribed to two key factors: (i) As Homopolymer formation increases, the viscosity of the reaction medium rises due to the solubility of Homopolymer in the solvent. This heightened viscosity impedes the diffusion of monomers and the growth of Homopolymeric chains towards active sites, consequently leading to a reduction in grafting percentage 54 , 55 . (ii) Additionally, the steric hindrance generated by the formed Homopolymeric chains with each other and with diffused monomer further motivates the “grafting to” method rather than “grafting from”, which is characterized by its low grafting percentage as shown in (Fig.…”

Graft Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile onto Sodium Salt of Partially Carboxymethylated Tamarind Kernel Powder Using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate as a Photo‐Initiator in an Aqueous Medium Under Ultraviolet‐Radiation

“…The ceric ions also form complex with monomer [ 28,29 ] and generate free radicals (Equation 8) which upon reacting at the free radical sites of the Na‐PCMTKP backbone result in the formation of the graft copolymer (Equation 16). The generated monomeric free radicals (Equation 8) may also combine with other monomeric free radicals to yield homopolymer (Equation 15).…”

Adsorption Behavior of Chromium(VI) onto Regenerated Cellulose Membrane

“…As analyzed from Figure , the FTIR pattern for the samples of raw RNPs, t-RNPs, and RCM did not show much difference, in terms of their adsorption bands, which indicated that the samples shared similar chemical compositions. The O–H stretching of the cellulose’s hydroxyl group is denoted by the peaks at 3340 and 3334 cm –1 in Figures a and b. ,,− RNPs are mainly composed of cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, and additives. The presence of lignin structure is signified by the peak at 1505 cm –1 , which is caused by the CC stretching …”