Modification of montmorillonite by different surfactants and its use for the preparation of polyphenylene sulfide nanocomposites

Abstract

Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)/clay composites were prepared by simple melt blending. Three different kinds of surfactants such as cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), and synthetic 1,3-dihexadecyl-3H-benzimidazolium bromide (Bz) were used as organic modifiers for the organic modification process. The benzimidazolium-modified montmorillonite (Bz-MMT) and CTAB-modified MMT (CTAB-MMT) exhibited larger interlayer spacing than SDBS-modified MMT (SDBS-MMT), while SDBS-MMT and Bz-MMT exhibited higher thermal stability compared with the CTAB-MMT. The morphology of the PPS/organic MMT nanocomposites was evaluated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The nanocomposites based on SDBS-MMT and Bz-MMT exhibited good overall dispersion of organic MMT with a mixed dispersion of intercalated and exfoliated structures. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to evaluate the thermal properties of PPS/organic MMT nanocomposites. The crystallization process of PPS in all nanocomposites was accelerated, and the crystallinity also increased, when compared with the pure PPS from the DSC analysis. The TGA analysis indicated that nanocomposites based on SDBS-MMT and Bz-MMT exhibited higher thermal stability than composites based on CTAB-MMT due to the well-dispersed nanoplatelets.

Novel thermal stable polymeric nanocomposite based on poly(ethyl vinyl ether‐alt‐maleic anhydride) and organo‐modified montmorillonite

“…FT‐IR spectroscopy was used to prove the modification of Na‐MMt with CTAB. Because of more research on CTAB‐modified montmorillonite, its IR Spectrum is very well‐known and simply it can be used for its characterization . The absorption bonds at 3,630 and 3,214 cm −1 are ascribed to the free‐OH stretching and the hydrogen‐bonded ‐OH stretching, respectively.…”

Effects of Bentonite Nanoclay and Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide Modified Bentonite Nanoclay on Phase Inversion of Water-in-Oil Emulsions

“…MMT is commonly used in research studies for the synthesis of organoclays due to its abundance, adsorption properties, high cation exchange capacity, nanometric dimensions, high aspect ratio, and its extreme water-swelling characteristics [7][8][9]. The stabilization effect of nanoclays in multicomponent systems has attracted interest in a wide range of applications in the industry due to its economic and environmental benefits [4,[10][11][12][13].…”

The Stability of Intercalated Sericite by Cetyl Trimethylammonium Ion under Different Conditions and the Preparation of Sericite/Polymer Nanocomposites

“…Until now, many methods have been developed to modify layered silicate. For example, the replacement of the inorganic exchange cations with alkylammonium surfactants can make clay compatible to the polymer matrix [13,14,15].…”