A homologous series of hyperbranched polyesters (HBPEs) was successfully synthesized via an esterification reaction of 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) with pentaerythritol. The molecular weights of the HBPEs were 2160, 2660, 4150 and 5840 g/mol, respectively. These HBPEs were used as additives to prepare polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber membranes via non-solvent induced phase separation. The characteristic behaviors of the casting solution were investigated, as well as the morphologies, hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PSf membranes. The results showed that the initial viscosities of the casting solutions were increased, and the shear-thinning phenomenon became increasingly obvious. The demixing rate first increased and then decreased when increasing the HBPE molecular weight, and the turning point was 2660 g/mol. The PSf hollow fiber membranes with different molecular weights of HBPEs had a co-existing morphology of double finger-like and sponge-like structures. The starting pure water contact angle decreased obviously, and the mechanical properties improved.Polymers 2020, 12, 383 2 of 15 effects of TMB-5 on the PVDF membranes. With the addition of TMB-5, the structures of the membranes were interconnected and bi-continuous. Yuan et al. [13] investigated the effects of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) on PVDF hollow fiber membranes. With the addition of PFSA, the morphology of the membrane cross-section was altered, and finger-like macrovoids developed from inside the skin layer of the nascent membrane. With an increase in the PFSA content, the membranes showed improved wetting properties. Xu et al. [16] studied the effects of poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) with various molecular weights (M w = 200, 600, 2000, 6000 and 10,000 Da) on the performance of polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes. They reported that not only the additive content but also the additive molecular weight significantly determined the performance of the membranes. When the molecular weight of PEG increased from 200 to 10,000 g/mol, the membrane structures were converted from a double-layer finger-like structure to microvoids in the form of spheres or ellipsoids, and the pure water permeation fluxes increased from 22.0 to 64.0 L/m 2 h, but the mechanical properties worsened.Hyperbranched polyesters (HBPEs) based on 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) have been a research focus in recent years due to their high functionality, globular structure, low solution, melt viscosity, good thermal stability and high solubility [17][18][19]. Currently, few studies have reported using HBPEs as additives to prepare hollow fiber membranes, but Zhao et al. [20][21][22] investigated the effect of hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and its derivatives on the morphology and properties of polyvinylidene fluoride porous membranes. Compared with membranes modified by linear PEG as additives, HPG not only acted as a pore-forming agent but also as a hydrophilic modifier. In our previous work [23], the effects of HBPE conte...