Modification of the petroleum system concept: Origins of alkanes and isoprenoids in crude oils: Discussion

Walters, Clifford C.; Curry, David J.; Isaksen, Gary H.

doi:10.1306/08310404076

Cited by 3 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Many points of agreement are observed between our position and that of Walters et al (2005). We all agree that petroleum is produced by the thermal decomposition of kerogen.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Thus, the oil window is, in this case, narrower than in the conventional theory. This, however, in no way implies that we believe that oil is generated at low, near-surface temperatures, regardless of the many assertions to the contrary by Walters et al (2005). Nowhere in our article do we make or imply such notion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Such unmixing algorithms have been under steady development over the past 40 yr and have undergone stringent testing. Therefore, we are perplexed by the statement of Walters et al (2005Walters et al ( , p. 1239Walters et al ( -1244 that ''We do not consider the mathematical constructs as valid representations of any natural occurrence. .…”

Section: Polytopic Vector Analysis the Unmixing Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After all of this criticism of procedure, Walters et al (2005) agree that most of the end-member spectra actually represent direct products of the primary carbon fixers! Thus, they inferentially agree that a small component of the kerogen has survived intact until it is converted to oil.…”

Section: Role Of Primary Carbon Fixersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Walters et al (2005) represent the consensus of American organic petroleum geochemists. The basic principle of this mindset is that most of the kerogen can eventually contribute to petroleum, but because of the heterogeneity of kerogen, reactions occur over time as one or another kerogen type yields its liquid hydrocarbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Modifications of the petroleum system concept: Origins of alkanes and isoprenoids in crude oils: Reply

Collister¹,

Ehrlich²,

Mango

et al. 2005

Bulletin

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“…Many points of agreement are observed between our position and that of Walters et al (2005). We all agree that petroleum is produced by the thermal decomposition of kerogen.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Polytopic Vector Analysis the Unmixing Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Primary Carbon Fixersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Modifications of the petroleum system concept: Origins of alkanes and isoprenoids in crude oils: Reply

Collister¹,

Ehrlich²,

Mango

et al. 2005

Bulletin

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Hydrocarbon production in high density Botryococcus braunii race B continuous culture

Khatri

Hendrix

Niehaus

et al. 2013

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Continuous cultures of Botryococcus braunii race B were maintained at photosynthetic cell densities as high as 20 g dry weight per liter for up to 3 months. Growth associated triterpene hydrocarbon accumulation was nearly constant at 22.5% of dry weight for a range of growth rates maintained by daily replacement of 5-15% of the respective cultures. The ability to achieve high cell concentrations and oil levels of roughly 5 g triterpene oil/L resulted from a combination of high light (∼ 1/4 full sun for 15 h/day) and replenishing stoichiometrically balanced growth medium. Due to light-limited growth conditions, cell concentration dropped nearly linearly with increased dilution rate. This reduction in cell number resulted in increased productivity per cell at higher dilution rates and was accompanied by a dramatic increase in algae colony size from 0.09 to 0.343 mm at high dilution rate. This change in colony size resulted in an equally dramatic change in optical density (OD) per gram dry weight, which precluded use of simple correlations of OD and cell concentration. A trickle-film photobioreactor was also demonstrated as a scalable approach to achieving these ultra-high cell concentrations. Additional media analysis revealed a steady increase in photobioreactor conductivity suggesting an accumulation of ions may be the reason for rapid culture crash and washout observed at all dilution rates after several months of continuous operation. The volumetric productivity of 22.5 mg oil/L/photo-h reported here is more than an order of magnitude higher than previous reports for B. braunii race B, reflecting the high cell densities used in this work and substantiating a higher metabolic rate for B. braunii race B than previously surmised from its relatively long doubling times.

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Alkanes, compound-specific carbon isotope measures and climate variation during the last millennium from varved sediments of Lake Xiaolongwan, northeast China

Sun¹,

Xie²,

Shi³

et al. 2013

J Paleolimnol

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Modification of the petroleum system concept: Origins of alkanes and isoprenoids in crude oils: Discussion

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Modifications of the petroleum system concept: Origins of alkanes and isoprenoids in crude oils: Reply

Modifications of the petroleum system concept: Origins of alkanes and isoprenoids in crude oils: Reply

Hydrocarbon production in high density Botryococcus braunii race B continuous culture

Alkanes, compound-specific carbon isotope measures and climate variation during the last millennium from varved sediments of Lake Xiaolongwan, northeast China

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