Modification of the Pitzer equations for application to electrolyte + polar non-electrolyte mixtures

Thermodynamic study of the ternary mixed electrolyte (NaCl+NiCl2+H2O) system: Application of Pitzer model with higher-order electrostatic effects

“…In order to make sure of the accuracy of the determined mean activity coefficients values, the Na-ISE was each time calibrated in standard NaCl solutions with concentration range (1 to 10 À4 ) mol Á kg À1 before performing each series of measurements in mixed electrolyte system [27][28][29]. The corresponding slope and the experimental standard potential are presented in table 2.…”

Thermodynamic investigation of the ternary mixed electrolyte (CoCl2+ CoSO4+ H2O) system by EMF measurements at T= 298.15 K

“…In order to make sure of the accuracy of the determined mean activity coefficients values, the electrode pair of Co 2+ -ISE and Ag-AgCl were each time calibrated in standard CoCl 2 solutions with concentration range (1 to 10 À4 ) mol Á kg À1 before performing each series of measurements in mixed electrolyte systems [26][27][28]. The corresponding slope (s) and the experimental standard potential (E 0 ) are presented in table 2.…”

Thermodynamic investigation of the ternary mixed electrolyte (NiCl2+NiSO4+H2O) system by potentiometric method at T=298.15K

“…In order to make sure of the accuracy of the values of the mean activity coefficients determined, the Ni 2+ -ISE was calibrated in standard NiCl 2 solutions each time in the concentration range (1 to 10 À4 ) mol Á kg À1 before performing each series of measurements in mixed electrolyte systems [28][29][30]. The corresponding slope (s) and the experimental standard potential (E 0 ) are presented in table 3.…”