Modification of wood with silicon compounds. inorganic silicon compounds and sol-gel systems: a review

Mai, Carsten; Militz, Holger

doi:10.1007/s00226-003-0205-5

Cited by 181 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…ML is frequently correlated with TMT intensity and other properties such as durability, moisture behavior, and strength properties (Metsä-Kortelainen et al 2006;Brischke et al 2007;Paul et al 2007;Welzbacher et al 2007;Meyer et al 2011). By contrast, for chemical modification (CM) processes, the uptake of solid agents remaining after drying (weight percent gain [WPG]) is considered as a measure of modification intensity (Li et al 2000;Lande et al 2004;Mai and Militz 2004;Hill 2007). However, the parts of the modification agent left in the cell lumens do not contribute to cell wall modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical moisture conditions for fungal decay of modified wood by basidiomycetes as detected by pile tests

Meyer

Brischke

Treu³

et al. 2015

Holzforschung

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Abstract:The aim of cell wall modification is to keep wood moisture content (MC) below favorable conditions for decay organisms. However, thermally modified, furfurylated, and acetylated woods partly show higher MCs than untreated wood in outdoor exposure. The open question is to which extent decay is influenced by the presence of liquid water in cell lumens. The present paper contributes to this topic and reports on physiological threshold values for wood decay fungi with respect to modified wood. In total, 4200 specimens made from acetylated, furfurylated, and thermally modified beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Scots pine sapwood (sW) (Pinus sylvestris L.) were exposed to Coniophora puteana and Trametes versicolor. Piles consisting of 50 small specimens were incubated above malt agar in Erlenmeyer flasks for 16 weeks. In general, pile upward mass loss (ML) and MC decreased. Threshold values for fungal growth and decay (ML ≥ 2%) were determined. In summary, the minimum MC for fungal decay was slightly below fiber saturation point of the majority of the untreated and differently modified materials. Surprisingly, T. versicolor was able to degrade untreated beech wood at a minimum of 15% MC, and growth was possible at 13% MC. By contrast, untreated pine sW was not decayed by C. puteana at less than 29% MC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical moisture conditions for fungal decay of modified wood by basidiomycetes as detected by pile tests

Meyer

Brischke

Treu³

et al. 2015

Holzforschung

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“…They are soluble in water and form a colloidal clear, heavily alkaline solution ([12 pH) at elevated temperatures and pressures (Römpp 1995;Mai and Militz 2004). Wood treated with water glass has also been studied to improve the fungal decay (Furuno et al 1991(Furuno et al , 1992(Furuno et al , 1993Matthes et al 2002) and termite resistance (Furuno and Imamura 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood modified with functionalized commercial silicone emulsions against subterranean termites

et al. 2012

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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood was treated with quat-silicone micro-emulsion (\40 nm), amino-silicone macro-emulsion (110 nm), alkyl-modified silicone macro-emulsion (740 nm) and solutions of inorganic water glass. Three treatment concentrations of 5, 15 and 30% (w/w) were used for the impregnation of the test specimens. Termite resistance was assessed following a 16-week field trial conducted in northern Queensland, Australia. Two different field sites were chosen for exposure to feeding by Coptotermes acinaciformis (Froggatt) and Mastotermes darwiniensis (Froggatt). Following exposure, the test and feeder specimens were inspected and assessed for termite damage using a visual rating system (from 10 sound to 0 completely destroyed) and individual mass losses. The specimens treated with quat-and amino-silicone emulsions resisted damage by both termite species, even at less than 15% weight percent gains (WPGs). Alkyl-modified silicone macroemulsion and water glass treatment induced somewhat less resistance to termite damage, but imparted protection at higher WPGs.

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“…Regarding the effective factors on the surface roughness of wood that appear during the photochemical reactions and dimensional changes due to the humidity, it is expected that the surface roughness of wood can be reduced by controlling photochemical reactions and creating dimensional stability. Thermal treatments (Ayadi et al 2003, Boonstra andTjeerdsma 2006) and the use of silicon compounds (Mai and Militz 2004) are methods that cause dimensional stability of wood. In other hand, findings of other researchers determined that wood treatment by heat can reduce photochemical reactions, degradation of wood organic polymer caused by the weathering and the exit of material from wood surface (Nuopponen et al 2004).…”

Section: Roughness (Ra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oleothermal treatment and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating on natural weathering of beech and fir woods

Saei

Mohebby

Abdeh

2015

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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Effects of natural weathering on oleothermally treated wood and coated with an organic silicone compound were studied. Slats of beech and fir woods were cut in sizes of 20×10×1 cm. The slats were treated by soybean oil at 230˚C for 1 h. Then, the half of the untreated and oleothermally treated slats were coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the rest of them were considered as control. All slats were hanged in 45˚ angle at the southwest (SW) direction for 90 days. They were analyzed for color changes, roughness, and contact angle properties at 30-day intervals. Results showed that the oleothermal treatment of wood reduced discoloration of fir samples against natural weathering; however, the reducing effect was lower in the Beech samples. This treatment also reduced the surface roughness of the fir samples during weathering while it increased the surface roughness of beech. Wettability of the samples in both species, before and after weathering, was reduced by the oleothermal treatment. Results also revealed that coating of the wood surface with PDMS does not prevent the discoloration and surface roughness against weathering. Nevertheless, the coating could considerably decrease the hydrophilicity of the woods even after weathering.

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Modification of wood with silicon compounds. inorganic silicon compounds and sol-gel systems: a review

Cited by 181 publications

References 15 publications

Critical moisture conditions for fungal decay of modified wood by basidiomycetes as detected by pile tests

Critical moisture conditions for fungal decay of modified wood by basidiomycetes as detected by pile tests

Resistance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood modified with functionalized commercial silicone emulsions against subterranean termites

Effects of oleothermal treatment and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating on natural weathering of beech and fir woods

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