Modifications of serum glycoproteins the days following a prolonged physical exercise and the influence of physical training

Liesen, H.; Dufaux, B.; Hollmann, W

doi:10.1007/bf00430954

Cited by 101 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The level of acute phase protein CRP in plasma was elevated (fourfold) 16 h after the race in both studies. A similar observation was made by Dufaux et al (1984) and Liesen et al (1977), who demonstrated a sixfold increase in the concentration of serum CRP following 2 and 3 h of running, 1 day after the run. These results are consistent with damage to muscle after Statistical significance compared with baseline is denoted by *P = 0.05; **P = 0.01; ***P = 0.001 such severe and prolonged exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…By contrast, the literature is much less prolific on the acute phase reactant responses (Liesen et al 1977, Dufaux et al 1984, 1989a and b and 1991Camus et al 1994) and the metabolic implications (Blomstrand et al 1988;Poortmans et al 1991) involved during prolonged exercise. The present investigation is an attempt to make a link between the lymphocyte changes, some acute phase proteins and cytokine responses and some plasma metabolic implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Some aspects of the acute phase response after a marathon race, and the effects of glutamine supplementation

Castell

Poortmans

Leclercq

et al. 1996

European Journal of Applied Physiology

209

137

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Strenuous exercise may be associated with immune suppression. However, the underlying mechanism is not known. A decrease in the plasma level of glutamine, which is utilised at a high rate by cells of the immune system, and an increase in the plasma level of some cytokines may impair immune functions such as lymphocyte proliferation after prolonged, exhaustive exercise. In two separate studies of the Brussels marathon, using similar protocols, the time course of the changes in the plasma concentrations of some amino acids (glutamine, glutamate, alanine, tryptophan and branched chain amino acids), acute phase proteins and cytokines (interleukins IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor type a) was measured in male athletes. The numbers of circulating leucocytes and lymphocytes were also measured. Amino acid and cytokine concentrations have not previously been measured concomitantly in marathon runners; the measurement of some of these parameters the morning after the marathon (16 h) is novel. Another novel feature is the provision of glutamine versus placebo to marathon runners participating in the second study. In both studies the plasma concentrations of glutamine, alanine and branched chain amino acids were decreased immediately after and 1 h after the marathon. Plasma concentrations of all amino acids returned to pre-exercise levels by 16 h after exercise. The plasma concentration of the complement anaphylotoxin C5a increased to abnormal levels after the marathon, presumably due to tissue damage activating the complement system. There was also an increase in plasma C-reactive protein 16 h after the marathon. The plasma levels of IL-1 alpha were unaffected by the exercise, while that of IL-2 was increased 16 h after exercise. Plasma IL-6 was increased markedly (approximately 45-fold) immediately after and at 1 h after exercise. Neopterine, a macrophage activation marker, was significantly increased post-exercise. There was a marked leucocytosis immediately after the marathon, which returned to normal 16 h later. At the same time there was a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes, which was further reduced within 1 h to below pre-exercise levels. Glutamine supplementation, as administered in the second study, did not appear to have an effect upon lymphocyte distribution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Some aspects of the acute phase response after a marathon race, and the effects of glutamine supplementation

Castell

Poortmans

Leclercq

et al. 1996

European Journal of Applied Physiology

209

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, a positive correlation was obtained between the maximum IL-6 and CRP concentrations (r s 0.442 ; P l 0.016). Elevations of positive acute-phase proteins have been reported by others [36][37][38][39]. Dufaux et al [36] and Liesen et al [37] reported 6-fold increases in CRP 1 day after a 2 h or a 3 h run respectively, while a peak may be observed 24 h after strenuous exercise [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Relationship between gastro-intestinal complaints and endotoxaemia, cytokine release and the acute-phase reaction during and after a long-distance triathlon in highly trained men

et al. 1999

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A B S T R A C TThe aim of the present study was to establish whether gastro-intestinal (GI) complaints observed during and after ultra-endurance exercise are related to gut ischaemia-associated leakage of endotoxins [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] into the circulation and associated cytokine production. Therefore we collected blood samples from 29 athletes before, immediately after, and 1, 2 and 16 h after a long-distance triathlon for measurement of LPS, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6). As the cytokine response would trigger an acute-phase response, characteristic variables of these responses were also measured, along with creatine kinase (CK) to obtain an indicator of muscle damage. There was a high incidence (93 % of all participants) of GI symptoms ; 45 % reported severe complaints and 7 % of the participants abandoned the race because of severe GI distress. Mild endotoxaemia (5-15 pg/ml) was evident in 68 % of the athletes immediately after the race, as also indicated by a reduction in IgG anti-LPS levels. In addition, we observed production of IL-6 (27-fold increase immediately after the race), leading to an acutephase response (20-fold increase in C-reactive protein and 12 % decrease in pre-albumin 16 h after the race). The extent of endotoxaemia was not correlated with the GI complaints or the IL-6 response, but did show a correlation with the elevation in C-reactive protein (r s 0.389 ; P l 0.037). Creatine kinase levels were increased significantly immediately post-race, and increased further in the follow-up period. Creatine kinase levels did not correlate with those of either IL-6 or C-reactive protein. It is therefore concluded that LPS does enter the circulation after ultra-endurance exercise and may, together with muscle damage, be responsible for the increased cytokine response and hence GI complaints in these athletes.

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“…For example, increased physical effort (e.g. during the nestling rearing period) may raise ceruloplasmin because of inflammatory processes that occur in the muscles (Liesen et al, 1977;Kenyon et al, 2011). Plasma samples were diluted 1:30 and were then analysed according to manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Analyses Of Blood Oxidative Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does reproduction protect against oxidative stress?

Casasole

Eens

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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A central principle of life-history theory is that parents trade investment in reproduction against that in body maintenance. One physiological cost thought to be important as a modulator of such trade-off is oxidative stress. Experimental support for this hypothesis has, however, proved to be contradictory. In this study, we manipulated the nestling rearing effort of captive canaries (Serinus canaria) soon after the hatching of their nestlings using a brood-size manipulation to test whether an increase in nestling rearing effort translates into an increase in oxidative damage, an increase in ceruloplasmin (which is upregulated in response to oxidative damage) and a decrease in thiol antioxidants. We also compared the blood oxidative stress level of reproducing birds with that of nonreproducing birds, a crucial aspect that most studies have invariably failed to include in tests of the oxidative cost of reproduction. Compared with non-breeding canaries and pre-manipulation values, plasma oxidative damage (reactive oxygen metabolites and protein carbonyls) decreased in breeding canaries irrespective of sex and brood size. In contrast, oxidative damage did not change in nonbreeding birds over the experiment. Ceruloplasmin activity in plasma and both non-protein and protein thiols in red blood cells did not change throughout the experiment in both treatment groups. Our results suggest that reproduction may result in decreased rather than increased blood oxidative stress. Our results may explain some of the inconsistencies that have so far been reported in experimental tests of the oxidative cost of reproduction hypothesis.

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Modifications of serum glycoproteins the days following a prolonged physical exercise and the influence of physical training

Cited by 101 publications

References 45 publications

Some aspects of the acute phase response after a marathon race, and the effects of glutamine supplementation

Some aspects of the acute phase response after a marathon race, and the effects of glutamine supplementation

Relationship between gastro-intestinal complaints and endotoxaemia, cytokine release and the acute-phase reaction during and after a long-distance triathlon in highly trained men

Does reproduction protect against oxidative stress?

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