“…To avoid the patterns causing 2D interference, a rate-8/9 2-D modulation code was designed by Kovintavewat, Arayangkool, and Warisarn [9]. To combat 2D interference, a modified 2D Viterbi algorithm (VA) using 2D modulation-encoding constraints was proposed by Sokjabok, Warisarn, Koonkarnkhai, and Lee [10]. For the structure of a staggered BPMR, an error-correcting 5/6 modulation code was introduced by Nguyen and Lee [11], which helps to correct errors and reduce isolated patterns in the staggered BPMR.…”