Modified biochar from Moringa seed powder for the removal of diclofenac from aqueous solution

Abstract

In this study, Moringa seed powder (M SP ) was pyrolyzed at 450°C to synthesize Moringa seed powder biochar (M SP B) and treated with phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) to synthesize phosphate-modified Moringa seed powder biochar (M SP B-HPO) as an adsorbent for the removal of diclofenac (Dfc) from aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and pH point of zero charge (pH pzc ) were conducted to give more insight into the adsorbent's properties. The SEM analysis showed the transformations in the surface morphology from the parent material to the synthesized materials after the thermal and acid treatment. EDS analysis revealed the variation in the elemental composition of the materials prior to and after adsorption of Dfc ions. The FTIR analysis showed changes and peak intensities of functional groups involved in Dfc removal. The pH pzc showed the charge carried by M SP B-HPO in different pH conditions. Isotherm data best matched the Sips model, and the pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacity of M SP B-HPO by Sips model was found to be 100.876 mg g −1 .

Biochar from Fique Bagasse for Remotion of Caffeine and Diclofenac from Aqueous Solution

“…In this sense, the maximum adsorption capacity of caffeine according to the Langmuir model with a MgAl-layered double hydroxide/biochar composite and oxidized biochar from pine needles was 26.22 mg g −1 and 5.350 mg g −1 , respectively. Furthermore, with modified biochar from Moringa oleifera seeds and a composite with MgAl-layered double hydroxide supported on Syagrus coronata biochar, the maximum adsorption capacity of diclofenac by the Langmuir model was 121.1 mg g −1 and 116.5 mg g −1 , respectively [26][27][28][29]. Applications of biochar have been increasing because of its features, including: surface area, pore volume, pore size, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), electrical conductivity (EC) and surface functional groups, as well as its sustainability, easy production process, and low cost [30][31][32].…”

Potential Application of Alternative Materials for Organic Pollutant Removal

“…According to Table 1, about the Langmuir model, all the results showed the R L values between 0 and 1, indicating the adsorption process was considered favorable. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity (Q max ) increased with the AC-SC concentration, due to the greater number of active sites available for adsorption of the drug and, thus, the greater the rate of diffusion and mass transfer (Bagheri et al, 2020). For Freundlich isotherm, only the concentration of 5 g L −1 showed the heterogeneity of the material (1 < n < 10).…”

Sustainable synthesis of rose flower-like magnetic biochar from tea waste for environmental applications

“…Chemically, it is a char black carbon that comprises a large fraction of organic matter [1] . Biochars are widely studied due to their low cost and versatile applications [8] , [9] in agriculture such as improved soil fertility, water retention or crop yield [2] , [5] , [10] , environmental protection and CO 2 capture [11] , adsorption of organic [12] , inorganic contaminants [12] and over-enriched nutrients (N and P) in aquatic environment) [13] , as well as material studies [14] .…”