Modified Biokinetic Model for Uranium from Analysis of Acute Exposure to UF6

Fisher, Darrell R.; Kathren, R.L.; Swint, M.J.

doi:10.1097/00004032-199103000-00002

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The reference level for potential irreversible adverse effects (including death or impairment of organ function) due to acute soluble uranium exposure is 30 mg (NRC, 1994). Accordingly, 3 µg uranium/g kidney tissue has been determined as the threshold for kidney toxicity corresponding to a single intake of approximately 30 mg soluble uranium by inhalation (Fisher et al, 1991).…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depleted and Natural Uranium: Chemistry and Toxicological Effects

Craft

Abu-Qare

Flaherty

et al. 2004

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

369

231

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Depleted uranium (DU) is a by-product from the chemical enrichment of naturally occurring uranium. Natural uranium isInterest in depleted uranium (DU) is rapidly increasing as researchers realize its many potential military and civilian applications. Uranium, a naturally occurring heavy metal, is found in all soils, waters and rocks. Natural uranium is comprised of three radioactive isotopes: 238 U, 235 U, and 234 U. Of these, 235

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Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depleted and Natural Uranium: Chemistry and Toxicological Effects

Craft

Abu-Qare

Flaherty

et al. 2004

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

369

231

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The peak kidney uranium concentrations, calculated from a modified biokinetic model, ranged from 0.05 to 2.5 g U g Ϫ1 kidney (Fisher et al 1990b). Although uranium hexafluoride can be toxic when inhaled, none of the workers in this accident showed clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Overview Of Human Casesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Assessing the Renal Toxicity of Capstone Depleted Uranium Oxides and Other Uranium Compounds

Roszell¹,

Hahn

Lee³

et al. 2009

Health Physics

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The primary target for uranium toxicity is the kidney. The most frequently used guideline for uranium kidney burdens is the International Commission on Radiological Protection value of 3 microg U g(-1) kidney, a value that is based largely upon chronic studies in animals. In the present effort, a risk model equation was developed to assess potential outcomes of acute uranium exposure. Twenty-seven previously published case studies in which workers were acutely exposed to soluble compounds of uranium (as a result of workplace accidents) were analyzed. Kidney burdens of uranium for these individuals were determined based on uranium in the urine, and correlated with health effects observed over a period of up to 38 years. Based upon the severity of health effects, each individual was assigned a score (- to +++) and then placed into a Renal Effects Group (REG). A discriminant analysis was used to build a model equation to predict the REG based on the amount of uranium in the kidneys. The model equation was able to predict the REG with 85% accuracy. The risk model was used to predict the REG for soldiers exposed to depleted uranium as a result of friendly fire incidents during the 1991 Gulf War. This model equation can also be used to predict the REG of new cases in which acute exposures to uranium have occurred.

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“…Bicarbonate can be administered to reduce U body burdens due to acute exposures. Bicarbonate ions form a complex with U and alkalize the blood, both of which enhance the excretion from the kidneys by glomerular filtration [65], and such an application was described in a case of prophylactic treatment [66]. Experimental evidence in animals indicates that chelation therapy may reduce the body burden of U.…”

Section: Chelating Agents In Uranium Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphosphonates as Chelating Agents in Uranium Poisoning

Martinez¹,

Bozal²,

Orona³

et al. 2020

Recent Techniques and Applications in Ionizing Radiation Research

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The study of uranium toxicity is very important for public health in general and especially for workers involved in the processes of uranium mining and milling because of the immediate and/or mediate risks of exposure. Most available studies show unsuccessful attempts to eliminate uranium from target organs once the poisoning has occurred. Our group has managed to avoid damage to target organs (short-term kidney and long-term bone damage) in a high percentage of animals treated with lethal doses of uranyl nitrate through the effective chelating action of a single dose of bisodic etidronate. In this context, the contributions of our team and other groups working on chelating therapies provide a starting point for progress in the search for agents for preventing and/or reducing the toxic effects of uranium.

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Modified Biokinetic Model for Uranium from Analysis of Acute Exposure to UF6

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Depleted and Natural Uranium: Chemistry and Toxicological Effects

Depleted and Natural Uranium: Chemistry and Toxicological Effects

Assessing the Renal Toxicity of Capstone Depleted Uranium Oxides and Other Uranium Compounds

Bisphosphonates as Chelating Agents in Uranium Poisoning

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