Modified Fluorometric Quantitation of Pancuronium Bromide and Metabolites in Human Maternal and Umbilical Serums

Wingard, Lemuel B.; Abouleish, Ezzat; West, Daniel C.; Goehl, Thomas J.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600680737

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…After nine months its concentration decreased down to 50% of the initial value. Our results are completely different from Wingard et al [17], who demonstrated up to 43% loss of pancuronium from serum specimens stored frozen for one week. This degradation pattern was more distinctive in blood stored at 20 8C.…”

Section: Stability Studycontrasting

confidence: 84%

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Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

Kala

Lechowicz

2004

Forensic Science International

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Section: Stability Studycontrasting

confidence: 84%

“…After sample pretreatmenttheseanalytes were stable forat least 24 h. Moreover, three freeze-thaw cycles can be tolerated with losses no higher than 10% [10]. The stability of pancuronium was studied in dosage form [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

Kala

Lechowicz

2004

Forensic Science International

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“…Many methods for PCBr determination have been reported; techniques and methods such as: high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detector (10) and fluorimetric detector (9), gas chromatography (GC) with nitrogen sensitive detector (11), liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization mass spectometry/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS (MS)) (12)(13)(14), fluorimetric and spectrophotometric methods (15)(16)(17), electroanalytical methods employing membrane ion-selective electrodes (18), and a modified carbon paste electrode (19). In spite of the fact that many different methods have been developed, only some of them are applicable for the determination of PCBr concentration in serum and urine during surgery, and even these did not satisfy all of the important demands of clinical and toxicological practice (accuracy, repro-ductivity, and precision, as well as the duration and the cost of the analysis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modification of the kinetic determination of pancuronium bromide based on its inhibitory effect on cholinesterase

Stаnkov-Jovаnović

Nikolic-Mandic

Mandić

et al. 2007

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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A modification of the existing spectrophotometric kinetic method for the determination of pancuronium bromide (PCBr), based on pooled human serum cholinesterase (ChE, EC 3.1.1.8 acylcholine acylhydrolase) inhibition, was developed. Butyrylthiocholine iodide (concentration 1.667 mmol/L) was used as substrate and determination was performed at pH 7.6. Essential basic kinetic parameters were also determined: Michaelis-Menten's constant KM=0.33 mmol/L, maximal reaction rate Vmax=42.29 micromol/L min, inhibition constant KI=0.34 micromol/L, and IC50=0.235 micromol/L. Linear dependence between the reaction rate and the inhibitor concentration exists in PCBr concentration range 8.29-265.28 nmol/L, which corresponds to the real sample concentrations from 0.166 to 5.306 micromol/L. The method detection limit was established to be 1.86 nmol/L and the quantification limit was 6.18 nmol/L. Precision of the method was tested for three pancuronium concentrations (16.58, 99.48, and 198.96 nmol/L). The relative standard deviation (RSD) was in the range 0.78-5.13%. Accuracy was examined by the standard addition method. The influence of substances usually present in serum and urine on the reaction rate was determined. The method developed was applied for PCBr determination in spiked serum and urine samples and in the urine taken during surgery. The method was proven to have good sensitivity, accuracy, and precision and can be considered suitable for clinical practice.

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“…This drug and its metabolites have been determined spectrofluorimetrically in human maternal and umbilical serums [14], as well as postmortem in blood and urine after suicide [15]. Analysis of pancuronium impurities by means of normal-phase HPLC has been reported [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Determination of Gallamine Triethiodide (Flaxedil^®) and Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon^®) in Pharmaceutical and Urine Matrices by Means of Modified‐Carbon‐Paste Ion‐Selective Electrodes

Salem

Barsoum

Said

2005

Helvetica Chimica Acta

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A new analytical method for the determination of gallamine triethiodide (Flaxedil ; 1) and pancuronium bromide (Pavulon ; 2), two muscle relaxants used in surgical operations and in pain relief, has been developed. Our approach relies on rapid, precise, and sensitive potentiometric sensors based on modified-carbon-paste ionselective electrodes (CP-ISEs). Linear calibration graphs in the working ranges of ca. 4.5 ± 892 and 7.3 ± 733 mg/ ml (in H 2 O, pH 7.0, T 258) were established for 1 and 2, respectively; and Nernst slopes corresponding to threeor two-electrons transfers, respectively, were obtained. The method works best in a pH range of 7 ± 9. Average relative errors of 2.12 and 2.14%, with average standard deviations of 1.98 ± 2.47 and 2.64 ± 3.45, respectively, were obtained for urine samples of 1 and 2. The corresponding relative errors for the pharmaceutical samples were 1.59 and 1.64%, with standard deviations of 0.54 ± 1.34 and 0.52 ± 1.67, respectively. Statistical Student and F tests were applied to the data, and satisfactory results were obtained.1. Introduction. ± The two drugs gallamine triethiodide (Flaxedil ; 1) and pancuronium bromide (Pavulon ; 2) 2 ) are muscle relaxants used in surgical operations and for relief pain. These compounds possess only weak chromophores, which limits their detection by classical HPLC analysis based on UV and refractive-index measurements [1] [2]. Reported HPLC methods based on mass-spectrometric and fluorescence detection with pre-or post-column derivatizations are costly and complicated. Therefore, reliable, accurate, and economical analytical methods are still needed for analysis. The aim of this investigation was to develop new, rapid, sensitive, and reliable carbon-paste ion-selective electrodes (CP-ISEs) for the determination of 1 and 2 in pharmaceutical and urine samples.Gallamine triethiodide (1) and pancuronium bromide (2) are colorless, hygroscopic, crystalline powders freely soluble in H 2 O and EtOH, and are typically 98 ± 100% pure. They have to be freshly prepared and stored in air-tight containers protected from light. Almost 100% of intravenously administered gallamine (40 ± 120 mg) is excreted unchanged in urine within 24 ± 30 h [3]. In contrast, only ca. 25% of pancuronium bromide (40 ± 100 mg/kg body weight) is excreted unchanged in urine, together with 15% of 3-hydroxy metabolites; and 10% are excreted in the bile [4].

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Modified Fluorometric Quantitation of Pancuronium Bromide and Metabolites in Human Maternal and Umbilical Serums

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

A modification of the kinetic determination of pancuronium bromide based on its inhibitory effect on cholinesterase

Rapid Determination of Gallamine Triethiodide (Flaxedil^®) and Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon^®) in Pharmaceutical and Urine Matrices by Means of Modified‐Carbon‐Paste Ion‐Selective Electrodes

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Modified Fluorometric Quantitation of Pancuronium Bromide and Metabolites in Human Maternal and Umbilical Serums

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

Instability of pancuronium in postmortem blood and liver taken after a fatal intramuscular Pavulon injection

A modification of the kinetic determination of pancuronium bromide based on its inhibitory effect on cholinesterase

Rapid Determination of Gallamine Triethiodide (Flaxedil®) and Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon®) in Pharmaceutical and Urine Matrices by Means of Modified‐Carbon‐Paste Ion‐Selective Electrodes

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Rapid Determination of Gallamine Triethiodide (Flaxedil^®) and Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon^®) in Pharmaceutical and Urine Matrices by Means of Modified‐Carbon‐Paste Ion‐Selective Electrodes