“…Generally, most of the setup plans satisfy the first constraint. The concept of hybrid graph theory, which transferred the indirect graph to directed graph by changing the two-way edge into one way edge, which is effectively used in setup planning, was introduced by Alavidoost, Tarimoradi, and Zarandi (2015a), Alavidoost et al (2014), Tarimoradi, Alavidoost, and Zarandi (2015), Zhang and Lin (1999), and Zhang et al (2001). Here, the tolerance relations were used as the critical constraints of setup planning (Zhang et al, 2001) applied to the tolerance decomposition, fixture design and manufacturing capability in setup planning to determine the number and sequences of setups, select the datum, machining features and operations in each setup.…”