Modified Healthy Eating Index and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Hooshmand, Fateme; Asghari, Golaleh; Yuzbashian, Emad; Mahdavi, Maryam; Mirmiran, Parvin; Azizi, Fereidoun

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.01.080

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Only 12 DQIs were evaluated for association with prospective health outcomes (n = 12 studies). Measured outcomes from these 12 studies included nutrient biomarkers (n = 7) [74,88,269,273], IQ scores (n = 1) [269], blood pressure (n = 2) [269,273], plasma cholesterol (n = 2) [269,273], risk of metabolic syndrome (n = 1) [149], mental health (n = 1) [275], pre and post-menopausal breast cancer (n = 1) [244], and timing of puberty (n = 1) [117] (Table 4). Anthropometric values examined included BMI (n = 7) [38,74,85,88,252,254,269], changes in BMI or fat mass (n = 2) [117,252], changes in weight (n = 1) [74], and body composition at onset of puberty (n = 1) [117].…”

Section: Health-related Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adjusted models, significant inverse associations were found between diet quality and waist circumference (β = −0.15 [−0.31, − 0.002], p = 0.046), diastolic blood pressure (β = − 0.15 [− 0.31, − 0.002], p < 0.001) [269] and incidence of metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.35, 95%CI = 0.13,0.98, p < 0.05) [149] (Table 4). Significant inverse associations were found between diet quality and HbA1c levels in youth with type 1 diabetes (β = − 0.2, SE = 0.07, p = 0.0063).…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review

Dalwood

Marshall

Burrows

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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Background To describe a-priori diet quality indices used in children and adolescents, appraise the validity and reliability of these indices, and synthesise evidence on the relationship between diet quality and physical and mental health, and growth-related outcomes. Methods Five electronic databases were searched until January 2019. An a-priori diet quality index was included if it applied a scoring structure to rate child or adolescent (aged 0–18-years) dietary intakes relative to dietary or nutrient guidelines. Diagnostic accuracy studies and prospective cohort studies reporting health outcomes were appraised using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. Results From 15,577 records screened, 128 unique paediatric diet quality indices were identified from 33 countries. Half of the indices’ scores rated both food and nutrient intakes (n = 65 indices). Some indices were age specific: infant (< 24-months; n = 8 indices), child (2–12-years; n = 16), adolescent (13–18 years; n = 8), and child/adolescent (n = 14). Thirty-seven indices evaluated for validity and/or reliability. Eleven of the 15 indices which investigated associations with prospective health outcomes reported significant results, such as improved IQ, quality of life, blood pressure, body composition, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions Research utilising diet quality indices in paediatric populations is rapidly expanding internationally. However, few indices have been evaluated for validity, reliability, or association with health outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the validity, reliability, and association with health of frequently utilised diet quality indices to ensure data generated by an index is useful, applicable, and relevant. Registration PROSPERO number: CRD42018107630.

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Section: Health-related Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review

Dalwood

Marshall

Burrows

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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“…This review reports a reduced risk of the metabolic syndrome arising from a diet rich in whole grains, legumes, and nuts whereas the risk is increased by a diet rich in white rice and salty or sweet snacks (29). The same group have been able to develop a modification of the US diet quality index (51) known as The Modified Healthy Eating Index and shown that this is associated with components of the metabolic syndrome in young people (52). A Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet which emphasizes vegetables, fruits, and low-fat dairy foods with moderate amounts of whole grains, fish, poultry, and nuts and encourages reduced sodium in the diet with foods rich in nutrients that help lower blood pressure, such as potassium, calcium and magnesium has been shown in Iranian children to be associated with improved high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, and abdominal obesity (53).…”

Section: Risk Factors For Obesity and The Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children

Gregory

2019

Front. Endocrinol.

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In recent decades, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has become increasingly common such that it is now the major nutritional problem worldwide. Obesity occurs when dietary energy intake exceeds energy expenditure and has arisen in many societies due to an increasingly “obesogenic” environment in which physical activity has declined and yet children continue to be exposed to unhealthy, energy-dense diets. Additional risks for the development of obesity also include psychological issues and genetic factors. Obesity has many adverse health consequences including development of insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. There are also important genetic influences on the likelihood of developing insulin resistance. Given the limited success of therapeutic interventions to treat obesity and the metabolic syndrome, there has been an increased interest in preventative strategies. These are likely to be most successful when targeting the young and will require a combination of approaches which will need inter-disciplinary collaborations across health and local government to target families, schools, and local environments to facilitate behavior changes which influence young people's eating behaviors and habitual levels of physical activity.

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“…Seventy six articles were included in the nal analysis in this meta-analysis. Twenty ve studies were excluded due to the following exclusion criteria: different study population [109][110][111][112][113], no full test [114][115][116][117], unclear diagnostic criteria [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125], letter to editor [126], written in non English language [127,128], and different study design [129][130][131][132][133] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Selection Of Eligible Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Bitew

Alemu

Ayele

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors, which is raising the low and middle income countries (LMICs). There are various studies with inconsistent findings, but they are inconclusive for policy makers and program planners. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of MetS and its components in LMICs. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in international databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE (Elsevier), Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Science direct (Elsevier), Food Science and Technology Abstracts (FSTA), Global Health and Medline, and other sources (World Cat, Google Scholar, and Google). The pooled estimates were computed in the random effect model. The pooled prevalence was computed using the three diagnostic methods (IDF, ATP III and de Ferranti). Publication bias was verified using funnel plot and Egger’s regression test. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed to identify the possible sources of heterogeneity among the included studies. Result: In this study, 142,142 children and adolescents from 76 eligible articles were included to compute the pooled prevalence of MetS and its components in LMCIs. MeTs among the overweight and obese population was computed from 20 articles with the pooled prevalence of 24.09%, 36.5%, and 56.32% in IDF, ATP III and de Ferranti criteria, respectively. Similarly, a total of 56 articles were eligible to compute the pooled prevalence of MetS in the general population of children and adolescents. Hence, Mets was found in 3.98% (IDF), 6.71% (ATP III) and 8.91% (de Ferranti) of study subjects. Regarding the components of MetS, abdominal obesity was the major component in overweight and obese population and low HDL-C was the most common component in the general population. This study also revealed that males were highly affected by MetS than females. Conclusion: This study illustrates that MetS among children and adolescents is an emerging public health challenge in LMICs, where the prevalence of obesity is on the move. Preventive strategies such as community and school based intervention need to be designed. Promoting physical activities and healthy eating behaviors could avert this problem.

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Modified Healthy Eating Index and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review

Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review

Prevention of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children

Metabolic Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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