Modulação androgênica e estrogênica na próstata: uma abordagem em modelos experimentais de roedores com enfoque na biologia estrutural

Abstract

ResumoO sistema endócrino é uma complexa rede de glândulas e hormônios que regulam muitas das funções do corpo, incluindo crescimento, desenvolvimento e maturação, como as vias de ação de muitos órgãos. A próstata é um importante alvo dos hormônios e sua maturidade funcional e seu desenvolvimento são influenciados pelos níveis de esteroides. O presente grupo de pesquisa tem estudado os potenciais efeitos dos agentes esteroides sobre a próstata masculina e feminina do gerbilo da Mongólia (Meriones unguiculatus), utilizando métodos morfológicos e imuno-histoquímicos. Os resultados têm revelado a próstata do gerbilo da Mongólia como uma importante ferramenta para estudos da ação dos hormônios esteroides e seus antagonistas. AbstRActThe endocrine system is a complex network of glands and hormones that regulates many of the body's functions; including growth, development and maturation, as well as the way several organs operate. The prostate is an important target of hormones and its functional maturity and development are influenced by steroids levels. Our research group has been evaluating the potential effects of the steroidal agents on the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) male and female prostate using different morphological and immunohistochemical methods. Our results have revealed the Mongolian gerbil prostate as an important tool for the morphofunctional studies of steroid hormones and its antagonist actions.

The prostate of the bat Artibeus lituratus: Seasonal variations, abiotic regulation, and hormonal control

“…The prostate is a series of glands composed of secretory units (acini) that are supported by connective tissue (stroma), and its ducts open directly into the urethra, where the secretions are released (Martins et al, 2015;Taboga et al, 2009). It contributes to the male reproductive process, producing secretions that are considered essential for maintaining reproductive function by providing the ideal conditions for the survival of sperm, sperm viability, survival, and motility (Rochel et al, 2007;Taboga et al, 2009).…”

“…The prostate is a series of glands composed of secretory units (acini) that are supported by connective tissue (stroma), and its ducts open directly into the urethra, where the secretions are released (Martins et al, 2015;Taboga et al, 2009). It contributes to the male reproductive process, producing secretions that are considered essential for maintaining reproductive function by providing the ideal conditions for the survival of sperm, sperm viability, survival, and motility (Rochel et al, 2007;Taboga et al, 2009). Despite this important function, studies indicate a wide variation in the occurrence, morphology, and physiology of this gland in mammals (Ittmann, 2018;Oliveira et al, 2016;Su arez-Santana et al, 2020;V asquez, 2014), especially in bats (Beguelini et al, 2016;Christante et al, 2015;Crichton & Krutzsch, 2000;Martins et al, 2015;Negrin et al, 2014;Puga et al, 2013).…”

“…Recent studies in the Neotropics (Table 1) indicated that the prostate of vespertilionid bats has a multilobular morphology, composed of three bi-lobed regions (ventral, dorsolateral, and dorsal;Negrin et al, 2014), an aspect similar to the prostate of rodents (Rochel et al, 2007;Taboga et al, 2009). Conversely, the prostate of molossid bats has a semi-lobed morphology, being composed of a single and highly developed ventral prostate, with a tetralobed dorsal region (Christante et al, 2015).…”

Telocytes play a key role in prostate tissue organisation during the gland morphogenesis

“…This species of rodent is a promising model for studies involving the prostate, as unlike other laboratory rodents, a functional prostate is present in females. Furthermore, this species has greater sensitivity to hormone treatments 4, 26, 27, 28, 29. For this purpose, immunofluorescence assays were performed on prostatic tissue, in addition to cultured prostatic cells.…”

Deleterious effects of prepubertal corticosterone treatment on rat prostate

“…In rats the prostate is not a compact structure, lobes are divided into functional parts (anterior lobe or coagulating gland, dorsal and the ventral lobe) on the basis of differing responsiveness of hormones of the glandular tissue located ventral to the urethra as compared to those situated dorsally 6,7 . Both human and rodent prostates are composed of glandular acini dispersed in a fibromuscular stroma with excretory ducts lined by epithelial cells, glandular myoepithelial cells, interstitial and subepithelial bullae 8 .…”