“…A key has been to improve commonality among parts while balancing the varied demands of customers (Simpson et al, 2014;Thevenot & Simpson, 2006). While modularization is a widely studied subject in products, the application is new in more intangible areas such as services (de Mattos et al, 2021;Eissens-van der Laan et al, 2016;Johnson et al, 2021;Løkkegaard et al, 2016) and maintenance (Agergaard et al, 2022; K. V. Sigsgaard et al, 2021). Applications in maintenance have found that maintenance modules are multidimensional, spanning the dimensions physical, action, and process.…”