Modulating non-linear optical absorption through controlled graphitization of carbon nanostructures containing Fe3C-graphite core-shell nanoparticles

Kumar, Rajiv; Kumar, Ajay; Verma, Nancy; Anupama, A.V.; Philip, Reji; Sahoo, Balaram

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2019.07.058

Cited by 61 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The saturation magnetization ( M s ) value of CI particles is very high, and therefore they are also used in preparation of magnetorheological fluids (MRFs). , Overall, there are a plethora of applications of metallic iron substrates and structures. It is known that coating of graphene on metallic surfaces improves their mechanical, chemical, and thermal stability. − The hydrophobic nature, superior mechanical strength, resistance against chemical reactions, hefty surface area, etc. have made graphene an impeccable additive to anticorrosion coatings. , The solubility and reactivity of graphene sheets in aqueous medium are low due to its nonpolar nature and the absence of functional groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide Coatings on Amino Acid Modified Fe Surfaces for Corrosion Inhibition

Yadav

Kumar

Sahoo

2020

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The surface morphology of the CI, GO, GO/PABA-CI, GO/Gly-CI and GO/Ala-CI composites was demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded using a PANalytical X-ray diffractometer (operated at 40 kV and 150 mA) in a 2θ range of 5 to 90 (Cu-K α radiation, λ = 1.540 Å). Raman spectra of graphene oxide, PABA-CI, Gly-CI, Ala-CI, GO/PABA-CI, GO/Gly-CI and GO/Ala-CI samples were taken using a LabRam HR equipment (532 nm laser source).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide Coatings on Amino Acid Modified Fe Surfaces for Corrosion Inhibition

Yadav

Kumar

Sahoo

2020

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…And different carbon nanomaterials can be grown by controlling the catalyst or growth conditions, such as temperature. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Noble metals (Cu, Au, Pt) are also widely used to catalyze the growth of graphitic materials because of their suitable ability to decompose the carbon source and affinity to carbon. [16][17][18][19][20] Theoretical simulations have shown that carbon solubility in metal catalysts dramatically influenced the wetting property to sp 2 -carbon and interaction with graphite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Scale Evolution of Graphitic Shells Growth via Pyrolysis of Cobalt Phthalocyanine

Zhang

Yang

Tian

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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Nanostructured graphitic‐layer‐materials with precise control of the layer‐nanostructure, are known to surpass many benchmarks in electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. The development of such controlled synthesis is, however, stalled by the difficulty in tracking the exact growth mechanism and dynamics of the layer‐structure. Herein, the growth mechanism of onion‐like graphitic‐layer‐structures with an atomic precision is revealed by pyrolysis in an aberration‐corrected environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM). Specifically, the time‐evolution of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), bearing better contact between carbon atoms and metamorphosizing a graphitization‐catalyst, at 850°C in an ETEM are tracked to an intriguing Co‐Co3C nanocore enveloped by several graphitic layers. The growth dynamics of this onion‐like graphitic shell comprises, rather unexpectedly, out‐diffusion of carbon atoms from the core to fuel the growth of new outermost shell‐layers, plus lateral/inwards and intrashell/intershell diffusion of carbon atoms to amend shell‐defects. Thus, unusual dynamics of seemingly contracting shell‐expansion and shell‐consolidation is revealed, with the surprising phenomenon of a decrease in the number of atomic shell‐layers in exchange for layer‐perfectness towards the end of the controlled synthesis. These results indicate pyrolysis of an organometallic compound in an ETEM is a paradigm for understanding and developing controlled synthesis of novel high‐quality graphitic‐layer‐materials.

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“…Functionalization of the carbon materials is useful for tuning the electronic and optical properties . Such modifications are especially important in optical limiting (OL) applications through nonlinear optical absorption (NLA) of high-intensity lasers. , The open-aperture Z-scan measurement is a convenient and powerful way to investigate nonlinear optical properties. , NLA manifests itself as one or a combination of a few electronic transitions including excited-state absorption (ESA), free carrier absorption (FCA), multiphoton absorption [two-photon absorption (2PA) and three-photon absorption (3PA)], and saturable absorption (SA) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial efforts have been put in enhancing the OL capabilities of carbon-based materials. Apart from functionalization with electron-rich species such as porphyrins and phthalocyanines, enhanced OL effects can also be achieved by embedding metal nanoparticles in the carbon framework and by tuning the defect concentration in the carbon framework . The defect concentration can be tuned by controlling the degree of graphitization to an optimum value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ni Nanoparticles Coated with Nitrogen-Doped Carbon for Optical Limiting Applications

Kumar

Verma

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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In this work, we demonstrate the importance of the free carrier absorption (FCA) process in the nonlinear optical absorption (NLA) behavior of carbonaceous nanomaterials synthesized by pyrolysis at different heating rates (R h = 1, 3, 10, and 20 °C/min). The chemical vapor deposition reaction through the pyrolysis of Ni(II) acetylacetonate, melamine, and toluene precursors was carried out at 600 °C, which leads to different carbonaceous nanostructures embedded with graphite-encapsulated Ni nanoparticles (Ni@C samples). A lower R h (1 and 3 °C/min) value leads to the formation of globular carbon aggregates embedded with core−shell-type Ni−graphite nanoparticles, whereas a high R h (10 and 20 °C/min) value leads to the formation of carbon nanotubes embedded with similar Ni−graphite core−shell nanoparticles. The samples prepared at moderate heating rates of 3 and 10 °C/min show prominently high NLA than those prepared at very slow or very fast (1 and 20 °C/min) heating rates. According to our results, the quality (and the amount) of graphitization and nitrogen defect centers enhance the NLA behavior of the Ni@C samples. This result is obtained through the enhancement of excited-state absorption (ESA) behavior of the samples due to the introduction of defect states within the band gap of the graphite layer. More importantly, the metallic Ni nanoparticles help in drastically enhancing the NLA through the FCA process. To prove this supposition, we demonstrated that the presence of any dielectric phase (e.g., NiO) within the metallic nanoparticles (or within the sample) acts as a barrier to FCA, thereby reducing the NLA. Our work highlights the importance of synthesis conditions (optimized heating rate), especially in controlling the quality of graphitization and the embedded metallic Ni particles in the Ni@C samples in enhancing the NLA. Furthermore, through the mechanistic insights, we emphasized the potential use of our Ni@C samples for optical limiting applications because of their excellent NLA behavior originating through the FCA and ESA processes.

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Modulating non-linear optical absorption through controlled graphitization of carbon nanostructures containing Fe3C-graphite core-shell nanoparticles

Cited by 61 publications

References 71 publications

Graphene Oxide Coatings on Amino Acid Modified Fe Surfaces for Corrosion Inhibition

Graphene Oxide Coatings on Amino Acid Modified Fe Surfaces for Corrosion Inhibition

Atomic Scale Evolution of Graphitic Shells Growth via Pyrolysis of Cobalt Phthalocyanine

Ni Nanoparticles Coated with Nitrogen-Doped Carbon for Optical Limiting Applications

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