Modulating Toll-like receptor mediated signaling by (1→3)-β-?-glucan rapidly induces cardioprotection

Abstract

The results suggest that activation of the TLR mediated MyD88-dependent NFkappaB signaling pathway may play an important role in myocardial I/R injury, while stimulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling could serve a protective role. The data indicates that GP treatment shifts the TLR mediated activation signal in I/R from a predominantly NFkappaB pathway to a predominant PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Perfusão da artéria pulmonar não melhora os índices de fator natriurético cerebral (BNP) em estudo experimental em suínos

“…Because of pulmonary ischemia and reperfusion lesions, the surface receptors of inflammatory cells are stimulated, resulting in the activation of intracellular signalling cascades and in the subsequent positive regulation of transcription of several proinflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules [13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Protective effects of betaglucin on myocardial tissue during myocardial infarction in rats and dogs

“…Beta-glucans with similar weights have similar functions [9][10][11][12] . One study has shown that glucan phosphate, a relatively low-molecular-weight β-glucan (molecular weight: 150 000), exerts cardioprotective effects by modulating Toll-like-receptor-mediated signaling [8] . Betaglucin, (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n with n≈309, is a β-1,6-oligoglucose-branched β-1,3-glucan with a molecular weight of 5×10 4 g/mol.…”

“…The surgical procedure to produce an MI was performed according to a well-accepted technique [8,13,14] . Briefly, rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (45 mg/kg) and underwent a tracheal intubation for subsequent mechanical ventilation.…”

“…Furthermore, it lowers cholesterol and triglyceride levels, normalizes blood sugar levels, heals and rejuvenates the skin and has various other beneficial effects on the immune system [7] . More recently, it was reported that glucan phosphate reduced the area of myocardial infarction (MI) in rats [8] .…”

“…In general, β-glucans with a large molecular weight (such as lentinan and schizophyllan) can modulate immune functions and have been used for the treatment of tumors [9,10] . Beta-glucans with intermediate or low molecular weights (such as glucan phosphate) can be used for the treatment of ischemic diseases [8] , and their effect on the immune system is reduced. Finally, β-glucans with very low molecular weights (<5000-10 000, such as laminarin) are generally considered inactive [11,12] .…”