Modulation of cardiac renin-angiotensin system, redox status and inflammatory profile by different volumes of aerobic exercise training in obese rats

Alexandre‐Santos, Beatriz; Alves, Renata; Matsuura, Cristiane; Sepúlveda-Fragoso, Vinícius; Velasco, Larissa Lírio; Machado, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro; Vieira, Aline Bomfim; Fernandes, Tiago; Oliveira, Edilamar Menezes de; Tibiriçá, Eduardo; Nóbrega, Antônio Cláudio Lucas da; Magliano, D’Angelo Carlo; Frantz, Eliete Dalla Corte

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.019

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Furthermore, there were no differences in these parameters between LFD fed offspring and HFD fed offspring after exercise, indicating the beneficial roles of exercise in improving HFD feeding-induced cardiovascular dysfunction centrally and peripherally. However, in contrast to other studies showing that exercise reversed the increased BP induced by HFD, 10,17 we did not find reduced BP in HFD fed offspring of normotensive dams, which was comparable to the reduced HTRS in HFD fed offspring of hypertensive dams after exercise.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…[24][25][26] Extensive studies have demonstrated that exercise protects against cardiovascular dysfunction produced by obesity/HFD including improvement of baroreflex sensitivity, a reduction of sympathetic activity and attenuations of BP and HR through modifications of prohypertensive RAS and inflammatory responses. [7][8][9][10]14,15,17,19,35 Consistent with this, we found that 10 weeks of exercise reduced cardiac sympathetic activity and increased cardiac vagal activity and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity leading to decreases in heart rate, decreased plasma levels of ANG II and leptin and attenuated pressor responses to centrally administered ANG II and leptin. These functional changes were accompanied by reduction of upregulated expression of most prohypertensive genes and a marker of BBB permeability in the PVN in HFD-fed offspring of both normotensive and hypertensive dams.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…[7][8][9] The underlying mechanisms have been associated with the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and inflammation in the heart and adipose tissue and in brain regions involved in cardiometabolic regulation including the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] There are few recent studies exploring the effect of exercise on the adverse effects in offspring produced by prenatal challenges. [18][19][20] In the male offspring of mothers fed a HFD during gestation and lactation, a short period of early postweaning exercise had lasting beneficial effects on body weight, visceral fat, and hormonal profile such as leptin, insulin, and triglyceride.…”

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Voluntary Exercise Eliminates Maternal Gestational Hypertension–Induced Hypertensive Response Sensitization to Postweaning High-Fat Diet in Male Adult Offspring

Xue

Beltz

et al. 2022

Hypertension

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Background: Exercise has profound effects on cardiovascular function and metabolism in both physiological and pathophysiological states. The present study tested whether voluntary exercise would protect male offspring against maternal gestational hypertension-induced hypertensive response sensitization elicited by post-weaning high-fat diet (HFD). Methods And Results: On low-lard-fat diet, offspring of both normotensive and hypertensive dams had comparable resting blood pressure, but HFD feeding elicited an enhanced increase in blood pressure (ie, hypertensive response sensitization) in sedentary offspring of hypertensive dams when compared with sedentary offspring of normotensive dams. The HFD fed sedentary offspring of hypertensive dams displayed greater sympathetic activity, enhanced pressor responses to centrally administered ANG II (angiotensin II) or leptin, and greater mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, leptin, and a marker of blood-brain barrier leakage in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. The enhanced blood pressure and central sympathetic activity in HFD-fed sedentary offspring of hypertensive dams were significantly reduced by exercise but fell only to levels comparable to HFD-fed exercising offspring of normotensive dams. HFD-induced increases in plasma IL-6 (interleukin-6) and sympathetic activity and greater pressor responses to central TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α in offspring from both normotensive and hypertensive dams were also maintained after exercise. Nevertheless, exercise had remarkably beneficial effects on metabolic and autonomic function, brain reactivity to ANG II and leptin and gene expression of brain prohypertensive factors in all offspring. Conclusions: Voluntary exercise plays a beneficial role in preventing maternal hypertension-induced hypertensive response sensitization, and that this is associated with attenuation of enhanced brain reactivity and centrally driven sympathetic activity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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confidence: 99%

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Voluntary Exercise Eliminates Maternal Gestational Hypertension–Induced Hypertensive Response Sensitization to Postweaning High-Fat Diet in Male Adult Offspring

Xue

Beltz

et al. 2022

Hypertension

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“…Only the moderate‐intensity training group experienced enhanced antioxidant defense by increased Nrf2 and IL‐10 expression, while TNF‐α, IL‐6, and NF‐κB expression decreased. [ 130 ] Exercise upregulated SIRT1 expression and protected the heart from stress‐overload‐induced cardiac dysfunction, especially mitochondrial dysfunction. Patients with HF underwent four weeks of moderate‐intensity exercise (70% VO 2max , 15–30 min per day, 5 times per week).…”

Section: Moderate‐intensity Exercise‐mediated Redox Homeostasis In Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate‐Intensity Exercise Maintains Redox Homeostasis for Cardiovascular Health

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Advanced Biology

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It is well known that exercise is beneficial for cardiovascular health. Oxidative stress is the common pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. The overproduction of free radicals, both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, can lead to redox imbalance and exacerbate oxidative damage to the cardiovascular system. Maintaining redox homeostasis and enhancing anti‐oxidative capacity are critical mechanisms by which exercise protects against cardiovascular diseases. Moderate‐intensity exercise is an effective means to maintain cardiovascular redox homeostasis. Moderate‐intensity exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving mitochondrial function and anti‐oxidative capacity. It also attenuates adverse cardiac remodeling and enhances cardiac function. This paper reviews the primary mechanisms of moderate‐intensity exercise‐mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system. Exploring the role of exercise‐mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

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“…Meanwhile, aerobic-anaerobic exercise can also promote the participation of obese women in collective activities and improve their self-consciousness and self-confidence. Such mode of exercise could significantly improve the problem of concentric obesity, relieve anxiety, depression, and other negative emotions, and improve self-image and social skills ( 8 ). Pourranjbar et al ( 9 ) stated that aerobic-anaerobic exercise has a positive effect on improving the self-consciousness level of obese adolescents, besides; it has a significant effect on improving social avoidance and distress in obese patients ( 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aerobic-Anaerobic Exercise on Social Avoidance, Positive and Negative Affects, and Self-Consciousness of Obese Women

Wang¹,

Zhang²

2022

ijph

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Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic-anaerobic exercise on social avoidance, positive and negative emotions, and self-awareness in obese women as well as provide some basis for guiding them to increase their physical exercise and promote physical and mental health. Methods: Sixty obese women (body mass index≥23 kg/m2) who volunteered to participate in the experiment were selected in Tianjin, China in 2022, and divided into control group and observation group with 30 people in each group. The control group received normal physical training, whereas the observation group received a uniform diet and an aerobic-anaerobic exercise intervention based on normal physical training that lasted for 12 weeks. The changes in the two groups before and after the intervention were compared. Results: After intervention, the body fat rate and fat weight of obese women in the observation group were significantly decreased, the lean body weight and muscle weight were significantly increased, and the improvement of body composition index was better than those in the control group was (P<0.05). The obese women in the observation group showed lower scores in negative affect and higher scores in positive affect (P<0.05). The obese women in the observation group showed higher scores in comfort, health assessment, satisfaction of body parts, overweight, gregariousness, anxiety, physical appearance and properties, intelligence, school situation, and behavior, while the observation group received lower scores in social avoidance and social distress. Conclusion: Aerobic-anaerobic exercise has a better role in strengthening the physical exercise and physical and mental development of obese women.

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Modulation of cardiac renin-angiotensin system, redox status and inflammatory profile by different volumes of aerobic exercise training in obese rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Voluntary Exercise Eliminates Maternal Gestational Hypertension–Induced Hypertensive Response Sensitization to Postweaning High-Fat Diet in Male Adult Offspring

Voluntary Exercise Eliminates Maternal Gestational Hypertension–Induced Hypertensive Response Sensitization to Postweaning High-Fat Diet in Male Adult Offspring

Moderate‐Intensity Exercise Maintains Redox Homeostasis for Cardiovascular Health

Effects of Aerobic-Anaerobic Exercise on Social Avoidance, Positive and Negative Affects, and Self-Consciousness of Obese Women

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