Modulation of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia in Diabetic Insulin-Resistant Rats by Mangiferin: Role of Adiponectin and TNF-α

Abstract

Mangiferin, present in Mangifera indica bark, was reported to produce hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activity in an animal model of genetic type 2 diabetes and in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Its effect on diabetic insulinresistant animals has not been investigated. The current work aimed to explore the effect of mangiferin on diabetic insulin-resistant rat model. Diabetes was induced by high-fat/high fructose diet for eight weeks followed by a subdiabetogenic dose of streptozotocin (HFD-Fr-STZ). Rats were treated with mangiferin (20 mg/kg i.p.) for 28 days starting one week after STZ and its effects were compared to the standard insulin sensitizer, rosiglitazone. HFD-Fr-STZ, induced obesity, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance accompanied by depletion in liver glycogen and dyslipidemia. Moreover, there was an elevation in serum TNF-α and a reduction in adiponectin. Mangiferin ameliorated the consequences of HFD-Fr-STZ and its actions were comparable to the effects of the standard insulin sensitizer, rosiglitazone. The results obtained in this study provide evidence that mangiferin is a possible beneficial natural compound for type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorders associated with the metabolic syndrome. This effect is mediated through improving insulin sensitivity, modulating lipid profile and reverting adipokine levels to normal.

Mangiferin Attenuates Murine Lupus Nephritis by Inducing CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells via Suppression of mTOR Signaling

“…leaf, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, and Rhizoma Belamcandae. MG has been shown to exert various biological activities and therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory [7], anti-oxidative [8], anti-tumor [9] and anti-diabetic effects [10] as well as regulation of metabolism [11]. Recent studies have demonstrated that MG attenuates inflammation in experimental colitis [12], corrects the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in mice with TNBSinduced colitis [13] and inhibits macrophage activation.…”

Consumption of a Mango Fruit Powder Protects Mice from High-Fat Induced Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Fat Accumulation

“…The effect may be due to the active molecule MGF, which is present in our mango fruit powder [18]. It has been reported that MGF may ameliorate high-fat diet-induced hepatic TG accumulation and may decrease FFA and TG while increasing plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate levels in rodents [37-39], partly by modulating the expression of genes involved in lipid oxidation and mitochondrial bioenergetics in key metabolic tissues [37-40]. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in humans, MGF supplementation (150 mg/day 12 weeks) improved serum lipid profiles in overweight patients with hyperlipidemia [17].…”

“…It has been reported that MGF may protect against hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice [51], in diabetic insulin-resistant rats [37], and in overweight patients [17], as well as against accelerated glucose uptake and utilization in cultured adipocytes and myotubes [51, 52]. However, MGF did not significantly affect fatty acid oxidation even under a high-fat dietary challenge [51].…”

Multifaceted Healthy Benefits of <em>Mangifera Indica</em> L. (Mango): The Inestimable Value of an Orchard Recently Rooted in Sicilian Rural Areas

“…Enlarged adipocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages alter the expression and secretion of adipokines favoring a pro-inflammatory state, where the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 is enhanced, while the production of adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, is reduced. In this contest, evidence has been provided that in diabetic insulin-resistant rat model mangiferin caused a reduction of serum TNF-α and an elevation of serum adiponectin production as a consequence to PPAR-γ activation [29]. Moreover, mangiferin has also been shown to ameliorate diabetic compliances as cardiomyopathy and nephropathy.…”