Modulation of pancreatic MIN6 insulin secretion and proliferation and extrapancreatic glucose absorption with <i>Achillea santolina</i>, <i>Eryngium creticum</i> and <i>Pistacia atlantica</i> extracts: <i>in vitro</i> evaluation

Abstract

The present in vitro studies aimed to investigate the pancreatic and extrapancreatic effects of crude aqueous extracts (AE) of Achillea santolina L, Eryngium creticum Lam, and Pistacia atlantica Desf utilized in Jordan diabetes ethnomedicine. Methods: Bioassays of β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion as well as glucose diffusion as possible modes of action were recruited. Results: Similar to L-alanine insulinotropic efficacy in MIN6 β-cell, glucosestimulated Ca 2+ regulated-insulin secretion was potentiated by AEs of E.creticum (0.01 mg/ml) and P.atlantica (0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/ml). A.santolina AE, however, was found ineffective. Comparable to glucagon-like peptide-1-enhanced β-cell proliferation in 2-day treatment wells, a dose dependent augmentation of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation was obtained with the A.santolina AE (0.05-1 mg/ml), and E.creticum AE (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml). P.atlantica concentrations lacked pancreatic proliferative capacity. While A.santolina and E.creticum AEs proved inactive, P.atlantica inhibited dose dependently overnight glucose movement in vitro, as effectively as guar gum diffusional hindrance in a simple glucose dialysis model. Conclusion: Current findings signify the in vitro diverse therapeutic antidiabetes properties of the selected medicinal plants. Future directives may assess the use of A.santolina, E.creticum and P.atlantica as new potential sources of functional foods or nutraceuticals or active leads into diabetes type 2 pharmacotherapy.

Nutrient regulation of insulin secretion and action

“…We have consistently shown that alanine is consumed by b-cell lines and islet cells and increases insulin secretion (Dixon et al 2003, Newsholme et al 2010, Salvucci et al 2013, findings that are supported by observations from other b-cell lines including murine and human (Dunne et al 1990, McCluskey et al 2011, Kasabri et al 2012). More recently, we have created an integrated mathematical model which predicted that increased intracellular ATP and Ca 2C levels were critical for glucose plus amino acid-stimulated insulin secretion in BRIN-BD11 cells (Salvucci et al 2013).…”

Phytochemical and biological evaluations of Arum hygrophilum boiss. (Araceae)

“…[15] The present study has revealed that water-soluble bioactive principles in A. hygrophilum AEs lacked any glucose-evoked insulin-releasing effect in pancreatic β-cells, unlike many other herbal remedies reputed for substantial insulin secretagogue activity. [1529]…”

“…[15] A. hygrophilum AEs 10, 25, and 50 mg/mL in 0.22 M glucose in triplicates were dialyzed against 0.15 M NaCl overnight at 37°C with gentle shaking. A parallel plant-free (negative) control was included.…”

Effects of Pistacia atlantica resin oil on the level of VEGF, hydroxyproline, antioxidant and wound healing activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats

“…In another study which described Pistacia atlantica oil effect on diabetes, they found that it has anti-diabetic action [27]. Also Hashemnia M. et al (2015) showed that Pistacia atlantica oil alcoholic extract reduced blood glucose in STZ-induced diabetic rats, however, they did not clarify the mechanism of anti-diabetic action of Pistacia atlantica oil, but based on other studies they assumed that this effect may contribute to plants potential action through many ways such as reduced hepatic glucose production, elevation of glucose utilization and increase or facilitate the insulin actions in target tissues [24].…”