Modulation of Physiological Responses as Indices of Attentional Bias in Dysphoria

Gantiva, Carlos; Araujo, Andrés; Aragão, Narayana; Hewitt, Nohelia

doi:10.1007/s11469-017-9774-7

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Additionally, our results showed that expressions of disgust generated greater HR deceleration, indicating an increase in the attentional response (Bradley et al, ; Gantiva, Araujo, Aragão, & Hewitt, ). This is consistent with previous event‐related potential (ERP) studies that showed that expressions of disgust enhanced the amplitude of early posterior negativity, which is associated with the allocation of attentional and sensory resources (Ashley, Vuilleumier, & Swick, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Psychophysiological responses to facial expression of surprise, sadness, and disgust

Gantiva

Araujo

Calderón

et al. 2019

Australian Journal of Psychology

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate psychophysiological responses to expressions of surprise, sadness, and disgust and the possible effect of the expresser's sex. Method: The startle reflex, the skin conductance response (SCR), and heart rate (HR) were recorded in 50 participants while they viewed male and female expressions of surprise, sadness, and disgust. Results: The results showed enhanced startle reflex potentiation and greater HR deceleration in response to disgust expressions and a larger SCR and greater HR deceleration in response to male expressions of disgust. Conclusions: These results suggest higher activation of the defensive motivational system and an orienting response to expressions of disgust, especially those of male faces. K E Y W O R D S emotion, faces, heart rate, skin conductance response, startle reflex

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Psychophysiological responses to facial expression of surprise, sadness, and disgust

Gantiva

Araujo

Calderón

et al. 2019

Australian Journal of Psychology

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“…It refers to the amount of energy that is invested during the emotional experience (Lang, 1995). The SCR is a reliable indicator of arousal and an orientation response (Bradley, 2009), similar to the deceleration of HR, which is an index of attention (Bradley et al, 2001; Gantiva, Araujo, Aragão, & Hewitt, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There Really a Relationship Between Empathy and Aggression? Evidence From Physiological and Self-Report Measures

Gantiva

Cendales

Díaz

et al. 2018

J Interpers Violence

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A strong relationship between empathy and aggression has traditionally been argued, but a recent meta-analysis showed that this relationship is surprisingly weak. However, none of the studies that were analyzed in the meta-analysis used physiological measures of empathy to assess differences between aggressive and nonaggressive subjects. The present study evaluated the activity of the corrugator and zygomatic muscles, galvanic skin response, and heart rate response to pictures with different social content in 30 aggressive and 30 nonaggressive subjects. Self-report measures of emotion and empathy were also evaluated. The results did not show significant differences in any of the physiological measures of affective empathy or subjective measures of emotion. Significant differences were found only in cognitive empathy, in which nonaggressive subjects had higher scores than aggressive subjects. These results suggest that intervention programs should focus on increasing cognitive empathy and exploring other variables, such as emotional self-regulation and callous-unemotional traits. We also suggest exploring other ways of understanding affective empathy.

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“…Regarding the emotional response, victims overall had higher scores in arousal and lower scores in dominance, especially when compared to the participants in the military. This emotional response pattern is associated with higher levels of anxiety (Gantiva et al, 2018; P. J. Lang et al, 2000) and lower capacity for emotional regulation (Amstadter, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emotional fallout of armed conflict in Colombia: Emotions, empathy, and aggression in victims, indirect victims, and members of the military.

Gantiva,

Suárez-Pico,

Aristizabal-Gómez

et al. 2023

Psychology of Violence

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Objective: There is a limited knowledge about the emotional and interpersonal effects of the more than fivedecade armed conflict in Colombia. The aim of the present study was to identify differences and relationships between emotional response, empathy, and aggressive behavior in three groups who have had different exposure to the Colombian armed conflict: victims (N = 54), indirect victims (N = 52), and members of the military (N = 32). Method: For the evaluation of the emotional response, a passive affective image visualization paradigm was used. Empathy was measured through the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and aggression through the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). Results: Victims showed higher levels of arousal and lower levels of dominance as compared to the other groups. Differences were found in Fantasy and Personal Distress; in both scales, the military group scored lower than the other two groups. Regarding the BPAQ, subscale and total scores were higher in the group of victims. Moderation analyses indicated that the relationship between perspectivetaking, arousal, and aggression varies across groups (e.g., at low arousal, a negative relationship between perspective taking and aggression was found for direct and indirect victims). Conclusions: Our results overall suggest that the Colombian armed conflict has resulted in greater emotional reactivity and a tendency to aggressiveness in victims. The lower levels of empathy observed in the military group could be related to experiences during the conflict. These findings are expected to guide public policy, including development and implementation of psychosocial programs in Colombia.

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Modulation of Physiological Responses as Indices of Attentional Bias in Dysphoria

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Psychophysiological responses to facial expression of surprise, sadness, and disgust

Psychophysiological responses to facial expression of surprise, sadness, and disgust

Is There Really a Relationship Between Empathy and Aggression? Evidence From Physiological and Self-Report Measures

The emotional fallout of armed conflict in Colombia: Emotions, empathy, and aggression in victims, indirect victims, and members of the military.

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