Modulation of the electronic structure of metallic bismuth catalysts by cerium doping to facilitate electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to formate

Abstract

Metallic bismuth (Bi) can maintain a stable structure under high reduction potential during CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) process, however limited by its relatively unfavorable catalytic activity. Toward address this limitation,...

Enhancing Electrocatalytic CO2-to-CO Conversion by Weakening CO Binding through Nitrogen Integration in the Metallic Fe Catalyst

“…In principle, the binding with reaction intermediates is strongly influenced by the electronic structures of the adsorption sites. ,− Consequently, there is potential to weaken the CO adsorption strengths by moderately adjusting the electronic structure of the Fe reaction sites, thereby improving the CO 2 RR performance. According to the d -band theory, the adsorption energies of CO may be decreased when the d-band center shifts down away from the Fermi level. − It is widely accepted that heteroatom introduction is a commonly employed strategy that effectively modifies the electronic structure and coordination environments of catalysts. ,,− Specially, the Fermi level of Fe can be raised by the high-energy valence orbitals of p -block elements upon their incorporation into Fe, consequently lowering its d-band center relative to Fermi level .…”

Efficient CO2 electroreduction to formate using Bi–Pb bimetallic catalysts with 2D vertical nanosheets

“…A promising way to maintain the high electroreduction performance over a wide electrochemical window is to tune the electronic structures of catalysts, such as heteroatom doping of a second metal element. 30–37 For example, the Bi metal salt was added to obtain a Bi–Sn bimetallic catalyst by NaBH 4 reduction in a solution containing metal Sn salts. 38,39 The Bi–Sn bimetallic catalyst with rich interfaces significantly improved the CO 2 electroreduction performance compared with the catalytic performance of metals Bi and Sn.…”