Modulation of the human preadipocyte mitochondrial activity by beta-carotene.

Abstract

Increased ROS generation by the overload by metabolic substrates mitochondria paralleled by decrease of antioxidant activity are typical events found in metabolic syndrome and diabetes type 2. Metabolites of beta-carotene (BC) such as retinoic acid (RA), as well as low concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) modify the mitochondrial bioenergetic function. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of beta-carotene on mitochondrial activity in human preadipocytes. BC used in concentrations, 10 or 30 µM, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited mitochondrial respiration and decreased cellular ATP content. We conclude, that BC, the known antioxidant may decrease oxidative phosphorylation capacity of mitochondria.

In vitro anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of extracts from the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra

“…It was therefore thought that the use of antioxidant substances might prevent the development of diabetes and its related complications. Accordingly, antioxidants have shown positive effects in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes [26][27][28]. The present study showed that the different extracts from C. pentandra stem bark exhibited antioxidant activities on (DPPH), hemolysis of RBC, lipid peroxidation and˙OH radical.…”

Hyperoside as a UV Photoprotective or Photostimulating Compound—Evaluation of the Effect of UV Radiation with Selected UV-Absorbing Organic Compounds on Skin Cells

“…Beta-carotene is considered as a nutrient with an antioxidant activity that is able to quench singlet oxygen in skin, and thus protect it against harmful UV radiation. However, there are some studies conducted on skin cells that revealed that beta-carotene not only acts as an antioxidant but also has prooxidant potential, especially if its breakdown products are taken into account [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. While beta-carotene pre-treatment alters the effects of H 2 O 2 -induced damage in erythro-myeloblastoid leukemia K562 cells [ 40 ], its metabolites such as retinal or retinoic acid causes oxidative stress with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential [ 38 , 39 ].…”

“…However, there are some studies conducted on skin cells that revealed that beta-carotene not only acts as an antioxidant but also has prooxidant potential, especially if its breakdown products are taken into account [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. While beta-carotene pre-treatment alters the effects of H 2 O 2 -induced damage in erythro-myeloblastoid leukemia K562 cells [ 40 ], its metabolites such as retinal or retinoic acid causes oxidative stress with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential [ 38 , 39 ]. In contrast to other studied UV-absorbing compounds, hyperoside, which increases the viability of skin cells exposed to UV radiation and reduces ROS production, led to an even significantly greater depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential than that induced by UV radiation alone.…”

Brain Metabolic Alterations in Rats Showing Depression-Like and Obesity Phenotypes

“…The intracellular ATP content was measured using an ATPlite™ Luminescence ATP Detection Assay System (Perkin Elmer, USA). The results were calculated as nmol ATP, adjusted for protein content, and reported as nmol ATP/g of protein (Sliwa et al 2012).…”