Modulation of the Interferon Response by Environmental, Noninfectious Stressors

Razzuoli, Elisabetta; Zanotti, Cinzia; Amadori, Massimo

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801968-9.00008-8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…IFNs are cytokines expressed by most cells that regulate many different biologic functions, including the inflammatory and immune responses [22]. Type I IFN-β, playing a critical role in the regulation of innate immunity, is secreted abundantly in response to viral infection in nearly all cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficient pulmonary IFN‐β expression in COPD patients

et al. 2019

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COPD patients are prone to acute infectious exacerbations that impair their quality of life and hamper prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the in situ IFN-β response in the lungs of stable COPD and non-COPD patients. Lung samples from 70 subjects (9 control never smokers, 19 control smokers without COPD, 21 patients with moderate COPD and 21 patients with very severe COPD) were studied for the expression of IFN-β, its main transcription factor, IRF-7, and two products of its autocrine function, namely RIG-I and MDA-5, by immunohistochemical techniques and quantitative real-time PCR. IFN-β, IRF-7, RIG-I and MDA-5 were widely detected in most lung cell types. In epithelial tissues and alveolar macrophages, IFN-β and IRF-7 labeling scores were decreased up to 65% and 74%, respectively, for COPD patients, paralleling an analogous reduction (43% and 65%, respectively) in the amount of their lung mRNA. Moreover, this decreased production of IFN-β in COPD patients correlated with a similar decrease in the expression of RIG-I and MDA-5, two essential members of the innate immune system. Our study indicates that most lung cells from stable COPD patients show a constitutive decreased expression of IFN-β, IRF-7, RIG-I and MDA-5, suggesting that this deficiency is the main cause of their acute viral exacerbations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficient pulmonary IFN‐β expression in COPD patients

et al. 2019

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“…Stress factors and poor welfare can also compromise the host immune system and lead to increased susceptibility to diseases among animals [ 8 ]. Farm animal welfare should be viewed as a global condition, where the effects of infectious and non-infectious stressors cannot be easily discriminated and can overlap, challenging the host’s immune system [ 9 ]. In fact, the innate immune system can rapidly respond to both infectious and non-infectious stressors, such as metabolic stress conditions, psychological stress, high/low temperatures, oxidative stress, and hypoxia [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare Assessment: Correspondence Analysis of Welfare Score and Hematological and Biochemical Profiles of Dairy Cows in Sardinia, Italy

Loi

Pilo

Franzoni

et al. 2021

Animals

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The need for animal welfare definition and assessment is increasing worldwide, and several studies have been conducted to help fill the knowledge gaps regarding the welfare of cattle. However, further studies are needed to provide valid synthetized measures for welfare evaluation. The aim of this study was to assess the welfare status of 16 Sardinian dairy cattle farms, based on the developed Animal Welfare and Biosecurity Evaluation checklist (AWB-EF) and the corresponding hematological, biochemical, and electrophoretic profiles of these animals. Considering the AWB-EF as gold standard, blood samples were collected from 230 Holstein breed dairy cattle, aged between 3 and 8 years, out of the periparturient period, and with no clinical signs of specific pathologies. Principal Component (PC) and correlation analyses were performed to simplify phenomena interpretation and assess positive/negative associations. Four PCs were able to explain 76% of the total variability, and six laboratory parameters were strongly associated with the AWB-EF score (Spearman’s correlation coefficient ≥0.40, p-Value < 0.05), reflecting the real health status of the animals. Given the complexity of animal welfare as a multidimensional concept and the need to include both animal-based and non-based measures in welfare evaluation, the present work represents a sound basis for future evaluation and veterinary health planning.

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Modulation of the Interferon Response by Environmental, Noninfectious Stressors

Cited by 2 publications

References 86 publications

Deficient pulmonary IFN‐β expression in COPD patients

Deficient pulmonary IFN‐β expression in COPD patients

Welfare Assessment: Correspondence Analysis of Welfare Score and Hematological and Biochemical Profiles of Dairy Cows in Sardinia, Italy

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