Modulatory effect of Turnera diffusa against testicular toxicity induced by fenitrothion and/or hexavalent chromium in rats

Abstract

Oxidative stress and increased production of reactive oxygen species have been implicated in pesticides and heavy metals toxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Turnera diffusa Willd (damiana) on counteracting fenitrothion (FNT) and/or potassium dichromate (CrVI)-induced testicular toxicity and oxidative injury in rats. FNT and/or CrVI intoxicated animals revealed a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydrogen peroxide levels. While, reduced glutathione and protein content, as well as antioxidant enzymes, phosphatases, and aminotransferases activities, were significantly decreased. In addition, significant changes in testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were detected. Furthermore, histological and immunohistochemical alterations were observed in rat testes and this supported the observed biochemical changes. On the other hand, rats treated with damiana alone decreased lipid peroxidation and increased most of the examined parameters. Moreover, damiana pretreatment to FNT and/or CrVI-intoxicated rats showed significant improvement in lipid peroxidation, enzyme activities, and hormones as compared with their respective treated groups. Conclusively, rats treated with both FNT and/or CrVI showed pronounced hazardous effect especially in their combination group in addition, Turnera diffusa had a potential protective role against FNT and/or CrVI induced testicular toxicity. K E Y W O R D Schromium hexavalent, fenitrothion, oxidative stress, rat testes, Turnera diffusa

Effect of Nigella sativa and Foeniculum vulgare seeds extracts on male mice exposed to carbendazim

“…Zari and Al-Attar (2011) showed that treatment of male rats with CBZ resulted in severe damage and completely absences of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa and losses of the spermatogenesis process. Moreover, adverse reproductive effects attributed to pesticides, including their effect on fertility, have also been well established in various experimental studies ( Hassan and Meligi, 2017 , El-Demerdash et al, 2019 , Ghorbani Taherdehi et al, 2019 , Osama et al, 2019 )…”

“…Under normal physiological conditions, cellular ROS generation is counterbalanced by the action of antioxidant enzymes and other redox molecules. Oxidative stress is potentially harmful to cells, and ROS are produced as a reaction to pesticide toxicity ( El-Demerdash et al, 2019 ). SOD and CAT are important antioxidant enzymes in organisms, which can remove superoxide free radicals and prevent the production of hydroxyl free radical.…”

Iron–Lysine Mediated Alleviation of Chromium Toxicity in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants in Relation to Morpho-Physiological Traits and Iron Uptake When Irrigated with Tannery Wastewater

“…Therefore, this wastewater needs to be investigated, and some artificial methods should be used to help impart crop yield and productivity. Among various heavy metals, chromium (Cr) is an extremely noxious metal to living organisms and has negative effects reported in humans [14], animals [15], plants [16] and micro-organisms [17]. Cr is a major toxic element discharged into the environment through various industries, such as tanning, electroplating, manufacturing of pigments, production of nuclear weapons and corrosion control [18][19][20].…”

Impact of Environmental and Lifestyle Use of Chromium on Male Fertility: Focus on Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

“…Furthermore, the supplementation with vitamin C appears to prevent chromium (VI)-induced OS [ 107 ]. The conclusions obtained by Aruldhas M. and colleagues through their study in monkeys exposed to chromium (VI) were supported by several other animal studies [ 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 ]. So extensive studies are not possible to be performed in humans.…”

“…Further, it decreases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants, both in testis and seminal fluid. The severe oxidative state promoted by chromium (VI) ultimately leads to a decrease in sperm quality and male fertility potential [ 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 ]. Nevertheless, it appears that the harmful effects of chromium (VI) on the male reproductive system can be reversed either through time (in a chromium (VI)-free environment), or by supplementing males with an antioxidant compound, such as vitamin C [ 107 ].…”