Modulatory properties of cardiac and quercetin glycosides from Dacryodes edulis seeds during L-NAME-induced vascular perturbation

Abstract

BackgroundNumerous food wastes have been identified to possess potent bioactive compounds used for the treatment of several diseases. Therefore this study evaluated the potentials of cardiac and quercetin glycosides extracted from Dacryodes edulis seeds to reverse vascular and endothelial damage (VAED).MethodsThe glycoside composition of the seeds was extracted using standard methods and characterized by gas chromatography. We then recruited rats with L-NAME-induced VAED based on confirmatory biomarkers cardiac troponin (CnT), cellular adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), RAAS, VWF, endothelin, eNOx, and homocysteine. Only rats that showed total alterations of all biomarkers were recruited into the respective experimental groups and treated with either metaprolol succinate (met.su) + losartan or glycoside extracts of D. edulis seeds (NPSG).ResultsChromatographic isolation of glycosides in the seed showed predominance of artemetin (1.59 mg/100 g), amygdalin (3.68 mg/100 g), digitoxin (19.21 mg/100 g), digoxin (27.23 mg/100 g), avicularin (133.59 mg/100 g), and hyperoside (481.76 mg/100 g). We observed decreased water intake and higher heart beats under vascular damage as the experiment progressed up to the fourth week. The met.su + losartan and H.D NPSG proved effective in restoring troponin, but both doses of NPSG normalized the VCAM-1 and RAAS activities excluding aldosterone and Lp-PLA2. Among the endothelial dysfunction biomarkers, H.D NPSG produced equivalent effects to met.su + losartan towards restoring the eNOx and VWF activities, but showed higher potency in normalizing the endothelin and Hcy levels.ConclusionsWe thus propose that the synergistic effect of the isolated glycosides from D. edulis shown in our study proved potent enough at high doses in treatment of vascular and endothelial dysfunction.

Hypertension secondary to nitric oxide depletion produces oxidative imbalance and inflammatory/fibrotic outcomes in the cornea of C57BL/6 mice

“…In accordance with previous studies, L-NAME did not affect the animals' weight gain and dietary intake but produced a significant and sustained increase of SBP from the first week of the treatment [48,50,67,68]. Hence, our experimental approach triggers a situation of severe/malignant hypertension that mimics many of the complications observed in human hypertension, as commonly assumed by specialized institutions and by other authors who use this model to study hypertension-related complications, such as cardiac, renal, or liver damage [1,26,29]. Many of the features concerning end-organ damage in rodents treated with L-NAME might be similar to other animal models of hypertension that also present with acutely elevated blood pressure and reduced NO concentration, such as the renovascular or the high salt intake hypertensive models [7,42].…”

Preclinical Trial of Traditional Plant Remedies for the Treatment of Complications of Gestational Malaria

“…However, pear seed either exclusively administered or in combination with A. indica normalized the altered sFlt-1 in the malarous dams. Hence, D. edulis pear seed, similar to its vasoprotective effects [16], could be regarded as a potent herb for the management of malaria-induced preeclampsia. This clearly justifies, pending clinical trials, the rationale behind the inclusion of pear seeds as part of the traditional treatment protocol for malaria in poor-resource settings.…”

“…Approximately 11% identified the seeds of D. edulis as an additional herb to control incidences of hypertension during malarous pregnancies. As justification, we initially ascertained the vasomodulatory potentials of D. edulis seeds [16]; hence, we decided to apply a combinatorial administration of both therapies to malarous dams.…”