“…Third, for the SPS module partition based on the obtained correlation evaluation results, the efficiency of the previous partition methods, such as fuzzy clustering algorithm (Sun et al, 2017), mapping matrix (Li et al, 2012), fuzzy graph (Song et al, 2015;Song and Sakao, 2017), transitive closure method (Geng et al, 2019;Sheng et al, 2017) and morphological matrix (Li et al, 2018), would markedly decrease and easily suffered in local optima (Sayama et al, 2013). Most of these methods cannot be capable to acquire optimal SPS module partition schemes in terms of a larger calculation scale and workload, and to provide a visualization way to directly understand the partition process.…”