Moebius Syndrome: Measures of Observer Intelligibility with versus without Visual Cues in Bilateral Facial Paralysis

Berg, Shelley Von; McColl, Douglas; Brancamp, Tami U.

doi:10.1597/06-071.1

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Second, does the vowel intelligibility of a speaker presenting with micrognathia and aglossia and subsequent compensatory strategies alter with and without visual cues? This question was posed because past studies have suggested that compensatory placements for difficult phonemes produced by dysarthric speakers may actually detract from the intelligibility of speech (De Feo & Schaefer, 1983; Von Berg, McColl, & Brancamp, 2007). Third, do acoustic analyses of target vowels agree with listener perceptions of vowels?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic and Perceptual Description of Vowels in a Speaker With Congenital Aglossia

McMicken

Berg

Iskarous

2012

Communication Disorders Quarterly

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The goals of this study were to (a) compare the vowel space produced by a person with congenital aglossia (PWCA) with a typical vowel space; (b) investigate listeners’ intelligibility for single vowels produced by the PWCA, with and without visual information; and (c) determine whether there is a correlation between scores of speech intelligibility of PWCA speech and the acoustic properties of those speech samples. The main objective of this study was to determine whether a PWCA was able to compensate for the lack of tongue and whether listeners were able to compensate perceptually for the possible atypical acoustics of the PWCA. Cineradiography for this article was limited to observation of gross function of the tongue base and mylohyoid. An audiovisual recording of the PWCA speaker’s output was obtained for a series of isolated vowels, diphthongized vowels, and vowels in monosyllables. Production of vowels was analyzed acoustically and perceptually. Vowels were presented to listeners under two conditions: audiovisual and audio only. Paired differences sample tests revealed no statistical differences in intelligibility for the audio versus audiovisual conditions. Mean intelligibility for vowels was 78.5% overall. Intelligibility was a function of vowel position, with the front vowels revealing the least intelligibility and the back vowels revealing the greatest intelligibility. Quantitative analysis of F1–F2 formant data revealed that the speaker’s front vowels showed greater distances from the back vowels when compared with the F1–F2 means of normative data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic and Perceptual Description of Vowels in a Speaker With Congenital Aglossia

McMicken

Berg

Iskarous

2012

Communication Disorders Quarterly

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“…The most common complaint among mothers, after the absence of facial movements, referred to feeding and speech 2 12 13 ; however, problems as understanding language 16 and changes in neurologic examinations, such as calcifications and vascular changes, 10 17 were also discussed. The occurrence on the difficulty of understanding language 16 does not seem to be frequent; however, in our sample we found 33.3% of mothers who complained about this in their children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 5 (27.8%) showed the expected changes of the disease, such the realization of bilabial consonants articulation at other places that not lips and difficulty achieving the apical tongue sounds, as mentioned by other authors. 12 13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Möbius Syndrome: Misoprostol Use and Speech and Language Characteristics

Guedes

2014

Int. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol.

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Introduction Möbius syndrome (MS; VI and VII palsy) is a rare disease that in Brazil has a great frequency because of the use of misoprostol during pregnancy. Objective Verify if the speech and language performance of children with MS whose mothers reported use of misoprostol (Cytotec, Pfizer, Connecticut, USA) are different from the performance of children of mothers who did not report use. Methods The stomatognathic system beyond receptive and expressive language and speech was evaluated in children with MS, and their mothers were questioned whether they used misoprostol during the pregnancy. Results During the interview, 61.11% of mothers reported that they took misoprostol during the pregnancy. Most of the subjects (83.3%) whose mothers took misoprostol presented bilateral palsy beyond bad mobility of the tongue (90.9%) and speech disorders (63.6%). Conclusion The number of mothers who took misoprostol without knowing the risk for MS was great. The lack of facial expressions and speech disorders were common characteristics of the individuals with MS, whether the mothers took misoprostol during the pregnancy or not.

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“…A more standardized approach is therefore crucial, something speech synthesis and animated virtual characters can provide. It has long been known that a wide variety of stimuli can induce McGurk effects, including artificial computer-generated faces 22 , speakers with paralyzed facial muscles 23 , 24 , point-light speech 25 or by occluding part of the face, leaving only the mouth 26 . This suggests that minimal cues are required for a human listener to perceive synthetic audio-visual speech as natural, yet applications to speech perception research remain anecdotal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animated virtual characters to explore audio-visual speech in controlled and naturalistic environments

Thézé

Gadiri

Albert³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Natural speech is processed in the brain as a mixture of auditory and visual features. An example of the importance of visual speech is the McGurk effect and related perceptual illusions that result from mismatching auditory and visual syllables. Although the McGurk effect has widely been applied to the exploration of audio-visual speech processing, it relies on isolated syllables, which severely limits the conclusions that can be drawn from the paradigm. In addition, the extreme variability and the quality of the stimuli usually employed prevents comparability across studies. To overcome these limitations, we present an innovative methodology using 3D virtual characters with realistic lip movements synchronized on computer-synthesized speech. We used commercially accessible and affordable tools to facilitate reproducibility and comparability, and the set-up was validated on 24 participants performing a perception task. Within complete and meaningful French sentences, we paired a labiodental fricative viseme (i.e. /v/) with a bilabial occlusive phoneme (i.e. /b/). This audiovisual mismatch is known to induce the illusion of hearing /v/ in a proportion of trials. We tested the rate of the illusion while varying the magnitude of background noise and audiovisual lag. Overall, the effect was observed in 40% of trials. The proportion rose to about 50% with added background noise and up to 66% when controlling for phonetic features. Our results conclusively demonstrate that computer-generated speech stimuli are judicious, and that they can supplement natural speech with higher control over stimulus timing and content.

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Moebius Syndrome: Measures of Observer Intelligibility with versus without Visual Cues in Bilateral Facial Paralysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Acoustic and Perceptual Description of Vowels in a Speaker With Congenital Aglossia

Acoustic and Perceptual Description of Vowels in a Speaker With Congenital Aglossia

Möbius Syndrome: Misoprostol Use and Speech and Language Characteristics

Animated virtual characters to explore audio-visual speech in controlled and naturalistic environments

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