Moisture transport and Antarctic sea ice: Austral spring 2016 event

Ionita, Mónica; Scholz, Patrick; Grosfeld, Klaus; Treffeisen, Renate

doi:10.5194/esd-2017-114

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The strong north‐westerly flow of anomalously warm and moist air into the MR contributed to the observed record low SIC and likely to the formation of the polynya (Figure b). Such anomalous atmospheric circulations have been noticed to have significant impacts on Antarctic sea‐ice loss (Doddridge & Marshall, ; Ionita et al, ; Schlosser et al, ; Turner et al, ), however, are more pronounced on the MR and the MIZ (Figure b) due to its climatological low SIC (Figure S5). The appearance of the polynya and anomalously negative SIC was associated with the SLP pattern similar to a positive phase of SAM (index of 0.42).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The past occurrence of polynyas on the MR was attributed to the presence of ocean eddies formed from the interaction between the ocean current and the MR seamount (de Steur et al, ; Holland, ; Ou & Gordon, ). The recent episodic events of record loss in Antarctic sea‐ice during 2016 and 2017 was linked to the anomalous atmospheric circulations (Doddridge & Marshall, ; Ionita et al, ; Schlosser et al, ; Turner et al, ). With support from earlier findings, we suggest that the polynya was formed due to the combined influence of the MR seamount (leads to local upliftment of thermocline), upwelling of warm water into the upper ocean from the thermocline (induced by a large cyclonic eddy and negative wind stress curl), and the large‐scale atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with depressions that advected warm‐moist air from the midlatitudes to the MR region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The meridional wind advects warm‐moist air from the midlatitudes or cold‐dry air from the high‐latitudes that affects the melting and growth of sea‐ice (Hobbs et al, ). Recently, the impact of atmospheric processes resulted in a record decrease in sea‐ice during 2016–2017, through enhanced advection of midlatitude warm air into the Antarctica (Ionita et al, ; Schlosser et al, ; Turner et al, ). However, its role for the recent appearance of a large polynya on the MR is not yet examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Reoccurrence of Large Open‐Ocean Polynya on the Maud Rise Seamount

Jena

Ravichandran

Turner

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Satellite observations have shown that the largest and most prolonged Maud Rise open‐ocean polynya since the 1970s appeared on 14 September 2017 (~9.3 × 103 km2) within the seasonal sea‐ice cover which expanded maximum on 1 December 2017 (~298.1 × 103 km2) and existed for 79 days. Record negative anomalies of sea‐ice concentration were observed in and around the polynya. The occurrence of the polynya was associated with a large cyclonic eddy and negative wind stress curl that facilitated melting of sea‐ice. Concurrently, a region of positive sea level pressure anomalies extended over the entire northern Weddell Sea accompanied by record low negative anomalies (deep depressions) over the southwest Weddell Sea and the Maud Rise. The atmospheric circulation anomalies advected moist‐warm air from the midlatitudes, resulted a record atmospheric warming (~11.5 °C) in the Maud Rise that favored this rare event as one of the largest open‐ocean polynyas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Reoccurrence of Large Open‐Ocean Polynya on the Maud Rise Seamount

Jena

Ravichandran

Turner

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The ZW3 index is computed as the mean of the normalized 500‐hPa geopotential heights at the three ridges that characterize ZW3 (average of grid points from longitudes 45–60°E, 161–171°E, and 71–81°W and latitudes 45–60°S; ; Hobbs & Raphael, ; Raphael, ). The El Niño‐Southern Oscillation. Many studies have demonstrated links between Antarctica and tropical regions (e.g., Clem et al, ; Ding et al, ; Ionita et al, ). Here we use Nino 3.4 sea surface temperature index to represent tropical changes (hereafter El Nino 3.4), defined as sea surface temperature averaged over the region 170–120°W and 5°S–5°N.…”

Section: Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for Dynamical Dependence: Application to the Surface Mass Balance Over Antarctica

Vannitsem

Dalaiden

Goosse

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Dynamical dependence between key observables and the surface mass balance (SMB) over Antarctica is analyzed in two historical runs performed with the MPI‐ESM‐P and the CESM1‐CAM5 climate models. The approach used is a novel method allowing for evaluating the rate of information transfer between observables that goes beyond the classical correlation analysis and allows for directional characterization of dependence. It reveals that a large proportion of significant correlations do not lead to dependence. In addition, three coherent results concerning the dependence of SMB emerge from the analysis of both models: (i) The SMB over the Antarctic Plateau is mostly influenced by the surface temperature and sea ice concentration and not by large‐scale circulation changes; (ii) the SMB of the Weddell Sea and the Dronning Maud Land coasts are not influenced significantly by the surface temperature; and (iii) the Weddell Sea coast is not significantly influenced by the sea ice concentration.

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“…To test the stability of the relationship between the dendroisotope records and climate variables, we make use of stability maps, a methodology successfully used in the seasonal forecast of the European rivers and Antarctic sea ice to examine the stationarity of the long-term relationship between our proxies and the gridded climate data (Ionita et al, 2008(Ionita et al, , 2014(Ionita et al, , 2018. In order to detect stable predictors, the variability of the correlation between the tree-ring parameters and the gridded data is investigated within a 31-year moving window over the 1901-2012 period.…”

Section: Stability Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate signals in carbon and oxygen isotope ratios ofPinus cembratree‐ring cellulose from the Călimani Mountains, Romania

Nagavciuc

Kern

Ionita

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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We analyse annually resolved tree‐ring stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopic chronologies from Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) in Romania. The chronologies cover the period between 1876 and 2012 and integrate data from four individual trees from the Calimani Mts in the eastern Carpathians where climatic records are scarce and starts only from 1961. Calibration trials show that the δ13C values correlate with local April–May relative humidity and with regional to larger scale (European) summer precipitation. δ18O correlates significantly with local relative humidity, cloud cover, maximum temperature, as well as European scale drought conditions. In all cases, the climate effects on δ13C values are weaker than those recorded in the δ18O data, with the latter revealing a tendency toward higher (lower) values of δ18O during extremely dry (wet) years. The most striking signal, however, is the strong link between the interannual δ18O variability recorded in the Calimani Mts and large‐scale circulation patterns associated with North Atlantic and Mediteraneean Sea sea surface temperatures. High (low) values of δ18O occur in association with a high (low) pressure system over the central and eastern part of Europe and with a significantly warmer (colder) Mediterranean Sea surface temperature. These results demonstrate the possibility of using tree ring oxygen isotopes from the eastern Carpathians to reconstruct regional drought conditions in eastern Europe on long‐term time scales and larger scale circulation dynamics over the preinstrumental periods.

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Moisture transport and Antarctic sea ice: Austral spring 2016 event

Abstract: Abstract. In austral spring 2016 the Antarctic region experienced anomalous sea ice retreat in all sectors, with sea ice

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Recent Reoccurrence of Large Open‐Ocean Polynya on the Maud Rise Seamount

Recent Reoccurrence of Large Open‐Ocean Polynya on the Maud Rise Seamount

Testing for Dynamical Dependence: Application to the Surface Mass Balance Over Antarctica

Climate signals in carbon and oxygen isotope ratios ofPinus cembratree‐ring cellulose from the Călimani Mountains, Romania

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