Molasses-Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Optimization, Characterization, and Antibiofilm Activity

Abstract

Biofilms are matrix-enclosed communities of bacteria that are highly resistant to antibiotics. Adding nanomaterials with antibacterial activity to the implant surfaces may be a great solution against biofilm formation. Due to its potent and widespread antibacterial effect, silver nanoparticles were considered the most potent agent with different biological activities. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were newly synthesized as antibiofilm agents using sugarcane process byproduct (molasses) and named Mo-capped AgNPs. The synthesized nanoparticles showed promising antimicrobial activity against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and C. albicans DAY185. Statistically designed optimization through response surface methodology was evaluated for maximum activity and better physical characteristics, namely the nanoparticles’ size and polydispersity index (PDI), and it was revealed that molasses concentration was the main effective factor. Minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of Mo-capped AgNPs against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and C. albicans DAY185 was 16 and 32 µg/mL, respectively. Scanning electron microscope study of Mo-capped AgNP-treated biofilm revealed that AgNPs penetrated the preformed biofilm and eradicated the microbial cells. The optimally synthesized Mo-capped AgNPs were spherically shaped, and the average size diameter ranged between 29 and 88 nm with high proportions of Ag+ element (78.0%) recorded. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicated the importance of molasses ingredients in capping and stabilizing the produced silver nanoparticles.

Nanoemulsion of Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil/Gold Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Effect against Multidrug-Resistant Wound-Causing Bacteria

“…The synthesized nanosystems were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscope and Zetasizer (Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS, Malvern, UK) to determine the nanoparticles' size and PDI according to Dorgham et al [54].…”

“…The antibacterial activity was further evaluated via disc diffusion method, MIC, MBC and bacterial lethality curve [55]. Moreover, bacterial cultures (10 8 CFU/mL) were grown overnight in liquid broth, then diluted (1:100) into fresh medium for minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assay in accordance with Dorgham et al [54].…”

Cinnamon Oil-Loaded Nanoliposomes with Potent Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities

“…The antimicrobial activity of the prepared nanoparticles was evaluated using the disc-diffusion method, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, microbial lethality curve and a TEM examination of the microbially treated cells [40]. Moreover, antibiofilm activity was assessed using MBEC, as previously described by Dorgham et al [41]. The fixed cells were oriented, mounted on aluminum stubs, and coated with gold before imaging took place [35].…”

Antifungal Activity against Human and Plant Mycopathogens, and Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Exhibiting Such Activity

“…Iturin-AgNPs caused damage to the integrity of the cell membrane, which in turn increased its permeability and the leakage of intracellular proteins and nucleic acids outside the cell [30]. In a study conducted by Dorgham et al [31], silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the sugarcane process by-product (molasses) and named Mo-capped AgNPs. The synthesized molecules showed promising activity against C. albicans DAY185 with an MIC of 16 µg/mL.…”