Molecular and cytological characterization of ribosomal RNA genes in<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>and<i>Chenopodium berlandieri</i>

Maughan, Peter J.; Kolano, Bożena; Małuszyńska, Jolanta; Coles, Nathan D.; Bonifacio, Alejandro; Rojas, J M; Coleman, Craig E.; Stevens, Mikel R.; Fairbanks, Daniel J.; Parkinson, Susan E.; Jellen, Eric N.

doi:10.1139/g06-033

Cited by 58 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Chromosome preparations according to Maughan et al (2006) were prepared from young leaves and shoot meristems. Methods of in situ hybridization were adapted from Schwarzacher and Heslop-Harrison (2000) with some modification.…”

Section: Chromosome Preparation and Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

2011

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Two cytotypes of Chenopodium album, diploid (2n=2x=18) and hexaploid (2n=6x=54), were analysed using flow cytometry and a FISH experiment. The genome size was indicated as 1.795 pg for the diploid and 3.845 pg for the hexaploid plants which suggested genome downsizing in the evolution of hexaploid cytotype. Double FISH with 25S rDNA and 5S rDNA allowed three to five homologue chromosome pairs to be distinguished depending on the cytotype. The variation in size and number of rDNA sites between the polyploid C. album and its putative diploid ancestor indicated that rDNA loci underwent rearrangements after polyploidization.Flow cytometry measurements of the relative nuclear DNA content in the somatic tissue of C. album revealed extensive endopolyploidization resulting in tissues comprising a mixture of cells with a different DNA content (from 2C to 32C) in varying proportions. The pattern of endopolyploidy was characteristic for the developmental stage of the plant and for the individual organ. Polysomaty was not observed in the embryo tissues however endopolyploidization had taken place in most tested organs of seedlings. The endopolyploidy in diploid and hexaploid C. album was compared to find any relationship between the pattern of polysomaty and polyploidy level in this species. This revealed that polyploid plants showed a decline in the number of endocycles as well as in the frequency of endopolyploidy cells compared to diploid plants.

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Section: Chromosome Preparation and Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

2011

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“…Estos análisis servirían a su vez para complementar los estudios previos documentados en la literatura (Mason et al 2005;Maughan et al 2006;Ruas et al 1999 …”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Sitio El Plomo Y Nuevos Registros De Cultígenos Iniciales en Cazadores Del Arcaico Iv en Alto Maipo, Chile Central

2011

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Nuevas investigaciones arqueológicas en la cordillera andina de Chile central demuestran que cazadores recolectores del periodo Arcaico IV incorporaron el conocimiento y uso de cultígenos iniciales a su sistema de subsistencia. En el sitio El Plomo (3.460 a 3.340 años cal. a.p.) localizado a 2.070 metros de altitud, se reitera el hallazgo de frutos de Chenopodium (cf. Chenopodium quinoa) carbonizados además de otros Chenopodium en estado desecado que también presentan rasgos de domesticación. Los estudios morfológicos efectuados en estos últimos con el apoyo de especialistas sugieren que sus tamaños, entre 0,8 a 1 mm de diámetro, muestran similitudes con Chenopodium pallidicaule o cañihua, o corresponderían a una variedad temprana de quinoa. La ausencia de testa, entre otras características diagnósticas en estos frutos, hace difícil determinar su identidad con suficiente certeza. Esta problemática abre una nueva línea de discusión acerca de la domesticación de Chenopodium en Chile central. Se plantea además el aprovechamiento de otros recursos vegetales, que no han sido particularmente considerados como alimentos en el registro arqueológico de ocupaciones de cazadores recolectores tardíos en esta región. El sector de Alto Maipo en la cordillera de Chile central se propone como un umbral ecológico cultural donde ocurre tempranamente una importante innovación en el sistema básico de subsistencia de cazadores recolectores del período Arcaico.Palabras claves: cazadores recolectores, Arcaico final, cultígenos iniciales, Chenopodium, alta cordillera, Chile central. Recent archaeological research in the Andean highlands of Central Chile provides evidence that hunter-gatherers of the Archaic

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“…While most of the work on genetic diversity and phylogeny in Chenopodium has focused on domesticated species like C. quinoa and C. berlandieri subsp. nuttalliae [11,12,13,14,15], very few studies have been undertaken on important weed species like C. album, C. berlandieri, C. ficifolium, C. glaucum, C. murale and C. strictum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies aimed at elucidating this taxonomic complex on the basis of cytology [16,17], karyotypic analysis [6,7], flavonoids [18], RAPD profiles [11,13,19], ISSR markers [20], directed amplification of minisatellite DNA (DAMDA) [13], microsatellite markers [14], ribosomal DNA [15] clearly indicate the existence of C. album as the most polymorphic plant species of genus Chenopodium. While some authors have recognized numerous segregate intergrading species in C. album, others have developed elaborate intra-specific hierarchies with numerous subspecies, varieties, forms, and even sub-forms [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species relationships in Chenopodium quinoa and Chenopodium album on the basis of morphology and SDS-PAGE profiles of soluble seed proteins

Devi¹,

Chrungoo

2015

J App Biol Biotech

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Nineteen accessions of Chenopodium, comprising of 11 accessions of C. quinoa and 8 accessions of C. album were evaluated. Morphological variations were observed in leaf colour, shape and margins, type of pollen grains, seed colour, seed coat texture and morphology of seed edges amongst the accessions. SDS-PAGE profiling of soluble seed proteins revealed 22 bands ranging in molecular mass from 26-68 kDa. While 6 protein bands were monomorphic, 16 protein bands were polymorphic. One band representing protein with molecular mass of 35.76 kDa was detected only in the accession IC-341704 of C. album. Five exotic accessions viz. EC-507744, EC-507742, EC-507738, EC-5077391 and EC-507741, belonging to C. quinoa, showed the presence of a duplex of 33.55 and 29.59 kDa bands which was not detected in any other accession. The dendrogram generated from the scoring profiles of SDS-PAGE of soluble seed proteins segregated the accession as per their taxonomic classification into C. quinoa and C. album. While the accessions belonging to C. album showed a high degree of morphological heterogeneity, the SDS-PAGE profiles of seed proteins indicated low level of variations within the accessions of each species. Further, the accessions IC-411824 and IC-411825 showed more closeness with C. quinoa than C. album.

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Molecular and cytological characterization of ribosomal RNA genes inChenopodium quinoaandChenopodium berlandieri

Cited by 58 publications

References 55 publications

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

Sitio El Plomo Y Nuevos Registros De Cultígenos Iniciales en Cazadores Del Arcaico Iv en Alto Maipo, Chile Central

Species relationships in Chenopodium quinoa and Chenopodium album on the basis of morphology and SDS-PAGE profiles of soluble seed proteins

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