Molecular and phenotypic diversity of ICARDA spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) collection

Abstract

Plant breeders are interested in using diverse genotypes in hybridization that can segregate for traits of importance with possibility of selection and genetic gain. Information on molecular and agromorphological diversity helps the breeders reduce the effort for parental selection and helps the advancement of generations. A phenotypic and molecular diversity study, using 24 traits (agronomic and disease) and 6519 SNPs in a diverse collection of 336 spring barley genotypes, was carried out at Marchouch and Jemma Shiam research stations in Morocco. Based on structure and multivariate analyses, strong differentiation between the two-and six-row types were observed. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay of the current collection (for the combined population) was up to 3.58 cM (r 2 = 0.15) while LD decay were estimated 3.91 and 2.36 cM for two-and six-row barley, respectively. PCA of agro-morphological traits revealed grain per spike, net form of net blotch (NFNB), spot form of net blotch (SFNB), and 1000 kernel weight were the most discriminatory traits in the current collection. Association mapping in the two independent populations will be ideal for identification of markers, and QTL related to traits. The generated information on relatedness between individuals will help identify diverse genotypes for breeding programs.

Multifaceted Analysis of Barley Landraces Collected during Gene Bank Expeditions in Poland at the End of the 20th Century

“…A higher value of differentiation was observed in the spring barley collections from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Area (ICARDA). However, a much larger and more diverse collection regarding its biological status (i.e., cultivars, breeding lines and landraces) and geographical origin was studied there [28]. The obtained value of the variation coefficient could be reduced by performing an analysis on bulk samples prepared from 24 plants.…”

Seedling and adult stage resistance to net form of net blotch (NFNB) in spring barley and stability of adult stage resistance to NFNB in Morocco

“…The AM-2014 includes advanced breeding lines, cultivars and landraces from ICARDA and other sources (Table S1). The morphological and marker diversity of AM-2014 was reported by Amezrou et al (2017). The QTL mapping of NFNB resistance in the AM-2014 panel was also reported by Amezrou et al (2018) using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach.…”

Seedling and adult‐plant stage resistance of a world collection of barley genotypes to stripe rust

“…The genetic diversity and detail descriptions of AM‐2014 were reported by Amezrou et al. (). In brief, out of 336 barley genotypes, 230 genotypes were collected from the LIB breeding programme (genotypes adapted for abiotic and biotic stress tolerances) and 82 from the high‐input barley breeding programme (genotypes adapted to favourable conditions) of ICARDA and the remaining 26 were frequently used in both programmes (Table ).…”