Molecular and serological investigation of cat viral infectious diseases in China from 2016 to 2019

Liu, Caihong; Liu, Yuxiu; Peng, Qian; Cao, Yujiao; Wang, Jie; Sun, Chunyan; Huang, Baicheng; Cui, Ningning; Huo, Ningning; Wu, Hongchao; Wang, Lingxiao; Xi, Xiangfeng; Tian, Kegong

doi:10.22541/au.158750326.67424860

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…As the important pathogens of upper respiratory tract infection, coinfection of FHV‐1 and FCV is relatively common. In this study, the coinfection prevalence of FHV‐1 and FCV was 22.4%, which was almost the same as that in Beijing (23.0%) (Wang et al., 2021), higher than that in cats from China (1.1%) (Liu et al., 2020), and Munich cats (18%) (Schulz et al. 2015), but lower than that in Switzerland (40%) (Berger et al., 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prevalence of four viruses in captive Siberian tigers from Northeastern China

Huang

Guo

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Our study investigated the prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in captive Siberian tigers in Northeastern China. A total of 324 blood samples and 33 nasopharyngeal swab samples of Siberian tigers collected from 2019 to 2021 in three cities were investigated by nested PCR. The results showed that 28.1% (91/324) tigers were infected with at least one virus; the positive rates of FHV-1, FCV, and FIV were 17.3%, 13.6%, and 0.9%, respectively; and the coinfection prevalence was 13.2%.No FeLV-positive sample was detected. And we found that the blood is the best for FCV, FIV, and FeLV detection, but nasopharyngeal swabs for FHV-1. By comparing the gD genes, TK gene, and gI gene of FHV-1, the homology of the three FHV-1 positive strains in this study was found to be 91.5%-99.9% shared with tigers and domestic cats. Based on a comparison of the nucleic acid sequences of 13 FCV strains, we found that the homology of strain HB-1926 with the other strains in this study was only about 77.7%, but shared 99.3% and 98.6% homology with Urnaba strain in American cat and TG1 strain in Chinese tiger, respectively. However, the other 12 FCV strains shared 87.1%-87.5% homology compared with the Chinese domestic cats. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the HB-1926 strain was not in the same clade as other strains.The fragments gag-p26, pol-RT, and pol-RNAse of Siberian tiger FIV shared more than 99% homology than domestic cats FIV subtype A. This study demonstrated that captive Siberian tigers in Northeastern China were exposed to FHV-1, FCV, and FIV, and it is necessary to develop more effective vaccines and improve daily management measures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prevalence of four viruses in captive Siberian tigers from Northeastern China

Huang

Guo

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…A comparison with the other database strains indicated that common mutations were aa E464K and G465S compared with reference strain F9(Figure 6). In addition, the highly virulent (VSD) strains UTCVM-H1 and UTCVM-H2 as well as TFHLJ-8 and 2280 possessed an NNS alteration at 441-443 compared with TGN for the reference strain as previously reported [23]. This set of mutations were not present in the new strains QD-7 and QD-164 and indicated that these strains were most likely not VSD.…”

Section: Analysis Of Amino Acid Mutation Sitessupporting

confidence: 55%

Genetic Characterization of Feline Calicivirus From China Reveals That Amino Acid Mutations at 441-443 in The ORF2 E Region Are Related to Pathogenicity

Liu

Tao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We studied the diversity and regularity of FCV variations in two new feline calicivirus (FCV) isolates QD-7 and QD-164. We compared the genomes of these new strains with 39 from the NCBI database including isolates from China, United States, Germany, South Korea, the United Kingdom and Japan. The nucleotide sequence identities ranged from 75-88 % indicating a high degree of variability. These variations were not related to distributions of the virus by time of isolation and geographical location. Cats that were experimentally infected with the new isolate QD-164 showed typical clinical symptoms of sneezing, fever and conjunctivitis and all recovered within 30 days. In contrast, QD-7 infections were asymptomatic and the virus was cleared within 16 days. These results indicate that QD-7 and QD-164 were naturally attenuated strains. NNS mutations that are characteristic of highly virulent strains at positions 441-443 were absent from QD-7 while QD-164 possessed an N at position 442. This indicated that mutations in regions 441-443 may be linked to disease severity.

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“…This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of FCV in a population of cats exhibiting clinical signs. The results showed an FCV-positive rate of 43.0%, which was higher than that detected in 16 Chinese cities (14.2%) [ 17 ], but lower than that reported in Beijing (46.3%) [ 18 ] and Switzerland (45.0%) [ 19 ]. The high risk of FCV infection may be due to the carrier state of the virus as FCV is generally shed more or less continuously by infected cats [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The cats in this study varied remarkably in their immune responses against the same viral strain, which is consistent with previous observations [ 12 ]. The potency of the protection offered by immunization with current commercial vaccines has been questioned [ 17 ]. One possible explanation for this observation is that multiple factors can affect vaccination efficacy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of feline calicivirus and the distribution of serum neutralizing antibody against isolate strains in cats of Hangzhou, China

Zheng

et al. 2021

J Vet Sci

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Background Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common pathogen of felids, and FCV vaccination is regularly practiced. The genetic variability and antigenic diversity of FCV hinder the effective control and prevention of infection by vaccination. Improved knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics of FCV should assist in the development of more effective vaccines. Objectives This study aims to determine the prevalence of FCV in a population of cats with FCV-suspected clinical signs in Hangzhou and to demonstrate the antigenic and genetic relationships between vaccine status and representative isolated FCV strains. Methods Cats (n = 516) from Hangzhou were investigated between 2018 and 2020. The association between risk factors and FCV infection was assessed. Phylogenetic analyses based on a capsid coding sequence were performed to identify the genetic relationships between strains. In vitro virus neutralization tests were used to assess antibody levels against isolated FCV strains in client-owned cats. Results The FCV-positive rate of the examined cats was 43.0%. Risk factors significantly associated with FCV infection were vaccination status and oral symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a radial phylogeny with no evidence of temporal or countrywide clusters. There was a significant difference in the distribution of serum antibody titers between vaccinated and unvaccinated cats. Conclusions This study revealed a high prevalence and genetic diversity of FCV in Hangzhou. The results indicate that the efficacy of FCV vaccination is unsatisfactory. More comprehensive and refined vaccination protocols are an urgent and unmet need.

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Molecular and serological investigation of cat viral infectious diseases in China from 2016 to 2019

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of four viruses in captive Siberian tigers from Northeastern China

Prevalence of four viruses in captive Siberian tigers from Northeastern China

Genetic Characterization of Feline Calicivirus From China Reveals That Amino Acid Mutations at 441-443 in The ORF2 E Region Are Related to Pathogenicity

Prevalence of feline calicivirus and the distribution of serum neutralizing antibody against isolate strains in cats of Hangzhou, China

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