Molecular basis for porcine parvovirus detection in dead fetuses

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Reproductive failures are still common grounds for complaint by commercial swine producers. Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is associated with different clinical reproductive signs. The aim of the present study was to investigate PPV fetal infection at swine farms having ongoing reproductive performance problems. The presence of virus in fetal tissues was determined by nestedpolymerase chain reaction assay directed to the conserved NS1 gene of PPV in aborted fetuses, mummies and stillborns. Fetuses show a high frequency of PPV infection (96.4%; N = 28). In 60.7% of the fetuses, PPV were detected in all tissue samples (lung, heart, thymus, kidney, and spleen). Viral infection differed among fetal tissues, with a higher frequency in the lung and heart (P < 0.05). Fetuses with up to 99 days of gestational age and from younger sows showed a higher frequency of PPV (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the presence of PPV was detected among the three clinical presentations. The results suggest that PPV remains an important pathogenic agent associated with porcine fetal death.

Viral DNA genomes in sera of farrowing sows with or without stillbirths

“…Such condition is considered a multifactorial problem [4]; on occasions, stillbirths have been associated to a number of known pathogens, including bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Among viruses, those which have been most often associated with stillbirths are porcine parvovirus (ungulate protoparvovirus 1, UPV1) [5], porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) [6], Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), Influenza virus [7], porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) [8], encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) [9] and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) [10]. Nevertheless, frequently, no viruses or other known pathogens seem to play a role in such condition [1,2,11,12].…”

Identification and molecular cloning of a novel porcine parvovirus

“…The pathogenic potential of porcine parvoviruses is not fully understood. PPV1 is ubiquitous in swine, and it causes reproductive failure in pregnant females [24]. PPV2 has been detected in swine serum but has not been incriminated in any disease [12].…”

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“…O vírus é transmitido via oral e transplacentária, levando à morte se a infecção ocorrer antes dos 70 dias de gestação, enquanto que fetos infectados após esse período sobrevivem, eliminando a infecção e desenvolvendo anticorpos contra o vírus (16). O parvovírus suíno ja foi descrito principalmente no Brasil nos estados do sul do Brasil e nos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais (19,20).…”