Molecular Biology of Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus and Related Oncogenesis

Cai, Qiliang; Verma, Suhbash C.; Lu, Jie; Robertson, Erle S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385032-4.00003-3

Cited by 123 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 385 publications

(473 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

128

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding, coupled with the higher prevalence of OtHV-1 in the genital tract, led the authors to suggest that the virus is sexually transmitted and that there was similarity between the epidemiology of OtHV-1 infection in CSL and HHV-8 in humans [61]. Studies into the epidemiology of HHV-8 have suggested that sexual activity plays an important role in the transmission of the virus [62], particularly in the case of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma [63,64].…”

Section: (D) Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Common cancer in a wild animal: the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus ) as an emerging model for carcinogenesis

Browning

Gulland

Hammond

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Naturally occurring cancers in non-laboratory species have great potential in helping to decipher the often complex causes of neoplasia. Wild animal models could add substantially to our understanding of carcinogenesis, particularly of genetic and environmental interactions, but they are currently underutilized. Studying neoplasia in wild animals is difficult and especially challenging in marine mammals owing to their inaccessibility, lack of exposure history, and ethical, logistical and legal limits on experimentation. Despite this, California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus ) offer an opportunity to investigate risk factors for neoplasia development that have implications for terrestrial mammals and humans who share much of their environment and diet. A relatively accessible California sea lion population on the west coast of the USA has a high prevalence of urogenital carcinoma and is regularly sampled during veterinary care in wildlife rehabilitation centres. Collaborative studies have revealed that genotype, persistent organic pollutants and a herpesvirus are all associated with this cancer. This paper reviews research to date on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of urogenital carcinoma in this species, and presents the California sea lion as an important and currently underexploited wild animal model of carcinogenesis.

show abstract

Section: (D) Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Common cancer in a wild animal: the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus ) as an emerging model for carcinogenesis

Browning

Gulland

Hammond

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Th is may indicate that M4 gene can be in some level, directly or indirectly, involved in oncogenic processes, as hypothesized before (6). On the other hand, MHV-60 with signifi cantly higher oncogenic potential (22%) than MHV-68 (9%) (10, 11) had present identical set of genes (M1-M4) in studied region which may suggest that oncogenic process is most likely driven and facilitated by more than one gene product, as evidenced also during EBV-and KSHV-tumorigenesis (2,4). Sequence diff erences among various virus stocks of isolates MHV-72 and MHV-76 was unexpected, because the primary source of particular isolates was common.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

Sequence variability among murine herpesvirus isolates shows possible effect of long-term in vitro passaging on their genome

Kostrábová¹,

Jarčušková²,

Hrabovská³

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a worldwide model which serves for the study of various aspects of gammaherpesviral infection. In 1976, the prototype strain and 4 isolates 72, 76, 78) were isolated from small rodents caught near Bratislava, Slovakia (1). Isolate MHV-Šumava was acquired few years later from Myodes glareolus caught in Šumava, Czech Republic (8). All isolates were passaged since then on various cell lines for the purpose of biological characterization and in vitro studies. Even though only MHV68´s genome is fully sequenced and therefore is the most intensively studied, a considerable amount of studies is focused also on characterization of other MHV isolates, particularly on their pathogenic, immunological and oncogenic properties in vivo. Besides variations during pathogenesis, MHV isolates remarkably diff ered also in their ability to cause lymphomas in the course of long-term infection. Th e most oncogenic isolate is MHV-60, which caused tumor development in 22% of chronically infected mice (10). MHV-76 was the only one from MHV isolates that did not show any signifi cant tumor development aft er 2-years long infection of mice (6). Since genomes of MHV isolates are not completely sequenced, it has to be determined, what is responsible for their diff erent pathogenic and oncogenic properties. In our laboratory, we have all above mentioned MHV isolates and we intended to make basic comparative analysis of their genomes in an eff ort to fi nd a genetic basis for their various pathogenic properties and oncogenic potential. Moreover, we tested two variants of MHV-76 -original isolate MHV-76 lyophilized in 1989 marked as MHV-76 (´89) and isolate MHV-76 (´08) which underwent multiple passages on diff erent cell lines until year 2008. Also, two variants of MHV-72 were used -MHV-72 (´97) stock frozen in 1997 and isolate MHV-72 (´08) propagated through multiple cell lines until 2008.First we analyzed MHV isolate´s DNA by RFLP method to identify larger portions of deletions or insertions and more remarkable diff erences in compared genomes to pinpoint the regions of interest in MHV genomes for further analysis. For RFLP analysis, viral DNA was extracted from virions present in supernatants of NIH 3T3 cells infected with MHV isolates at low multiplicity of infection. Viral DNA was digested overnight with EcoRI (Promega), BamHI (Promega) and HindIII (Th ermo Scientifi c). Digested DNA fragments were separated by electrophoresis, which was carried out in horizontal 0.7% agarose gel. Restriction profi le analysis of MHV-68 and MHV isolates showed that the most diff erences among isolates were found in fragments that represented the left end of the MHV genome -absence of fragment corresponding to nucleotides 1571-14270 (aft er 112 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR digestion with EcoRI) and 107-6262 (digestion with HindIII). Here are located genes responsible for regulation of pathogenic processes in vivo and oncogenesis not only in MHV but also in genomes of EBV and KSHV, and therefore we wanted to map this region...

show abstract

“…To avoid the redundancy, we will focus and highlight how viral phosphorylation manipulates production of cytokine through targeting JAK-STAT pathway (Figure 3). In addition to the IFN-associated JAK-STAT pathway, KSHV and EBV have been found to evade the immune response through expressing their own cytokines like vIL-6 and vIL10, respectively (Cai et al, 2010b;Cousins and Nicholas, 2013). …”

Section: Virus Induces Cytokines Via Phosphorylationmediated Activatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using the different binding receptor from the cellular homolog, vIL-6 could activate tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 via gp130-associated JAK pathways and MAPK serine/threonine kinase pathways (Cai et al, 2010b;Cousins and Nicholas, 2013). Meanwhile, the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 influence viral lytic reactivation in cell culture (Reddy et al, 2016).…”

Section: Virus Induces Cytokines Via Phosphorylationmediated Activatimentioning

confidence: 99%

The regulatory role of protein phosphorylation in human gammaherpesvirus associated cancers

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Activation of specific sets of protein kinases by intracellular signal molecules has become more and more apparent in the past decade. Phosphorylation, one of key posttranslational modification events, is activated by kinase or regulatory protein and is vital for controlling many physiological functions of eukaryotic cells such as cell proliferation, differentiation, malignant transformation, and signal transduction mediated by external stimuli. Moreovers, the reversible modification of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation can result in different features of the target substrate molecules including DNA binding, protein-protein interaction, subcellular location and enzymatic activity, and is often hijacked by viral infection. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcomaassociated herpesvirus (KSHV), two human oncogenic gamma-herpesviruses, are shown to tightly associate with many malignancies. In this review, we summarize the recent progresses on understanding of molecular properties and regulatory modes of cellular and viral proteins phosphorylation influenced by these two tumor viruses, and highlight the potential therapeutic targets and strategies against their related cancers.

show abstract

Molecular Biology of Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus and Related Oncogenesis

Cited by 123 publications

References 385 publications

Common cancer in a wild animal: the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus ) as an emerging model for carcinogenesis

Common cancer in a wild animal: the California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus ) as an emerging model for carcinogenesis

Sequence variability among murine herpesvirus isolates shows possible effect of long-term in vitro passaging on their genome

The regulatory role of protein phosphorylation in human gammaherpesvirus associated cancers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About