Molecular candidates for early-stage flower-to-fruit transition in stenospermocarpic table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) inflorescences ascribed by differential transcriptome and metabolome profiles

Abstract

Flower-to-fruit transition depends of nutrient availability and regulation at the molecular level by sugar and hormone signalling crosstalk. However, in most species, the identities of fruit initiation regulators and their targets are largely unknown. To ascertain the main pathways involved in stenospermocarpic table grape fruit set, comprehensive transcriptional and metabolomic analyses were conducted specifically targeting the early phase of this developmental stage in 'Thompson Seedless'. The high-throughput analyses performed disclosed the involvement of 496 differentially expressed genes and 28 differently accumulated metabolites in the sampled inflorescences. Our data show broad transcriptome reprogramming of molecule transporters, globally down-regulating gene expression, and suggest that regulation of sugar- and hormone-mediated pathways determines the downstream activation of berry development. The most affected gene was the SWEET14 sugar transporter. Hormone-related transcription changes were observed associated with increased indole-3-acetic acid, stimulation of ethylene and gibberellin metabolisms and cytokinin degradation, and regulation of MADS-box and AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor expression. Secondary metabolism, the most representative biological process at transcriptome level, was predominantly repressed. The results add to the knowledge of molecular events occurring in grapevine inflorescence fruit set and provide a list of candidates, paving the way for genetic manipulation aimed at model research and plant breeding.

Cyanogenesis in Macadamia and Direct Analysis of Hydrogen Cyanide in Macadamia Flowers, Leaves, Husks, and Nuts Using Selected Ion Flow Tube–Mass Spectrometry

“…Previous reports have mentioned that cyanogenic compounds are highest in growing tissues of plants and that activation of metabolic processes coincide with cyanogenic glycoside production [6,44]. The flower is the main reproductive organ of a plant and has very active and complex morphological and physiological features, which support an abundance of ecological functions related to floral development and plant reproduction [45][46][47]. For instance, de novo synthesis of amino acids, enzymes, and structural proteins, which are precursors of N-containing secondary metabolites (such as cyanogenic glycosides) and signaling molecules, all occur in floral tissues [47].…”

Unraveling the transcriptional complexity of compactness in sistan grape cluster

“…The results indicated that there are 496 differentially expressed genes and 28 differently metabolic pathways in this process. Their data showed broad transcriptome reprogramming of molecule transporters, globally downregulating gene expression, and suggest that regulation of sugar-and hormone-mediated pathways determines the downstream activation of berry development [4]. Also, the role of gibberellin treatment has been investigated on gene expression changes of grape berries.…”

Comparative transcriptome and coexpression network analysis of carpel quantitative variation in Paeonia rockii

“…RNA-seq technology is an important method to obtain effective functional genes in crops, especially for crops without reference genomic information. At present, RNA-seq has been widely used to study floral organ development in woody plants [32][33][34][35][36]. With the development of highthroughput sequencing technology, numerous studies have been carried out by SMLRS or in combination with NGS technology.…”