Molecular characterisation of Turnip mosaic virus isolates from Brassicaceae weeds

Abstract

Eight provinces of Iran were surveyed during 2003-2008 to find Brassicaceae reservoir weed hosts of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). A total of 532 weed samples were collected from plants with virus-like symptoms. The samples were tested for the presence of TuMV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using specific antibodies. Among those tested, 340 samples (64%) were found to be infected with TuMV. Rapistrum rugosum, Sisymberium loeselii, S. irio and Hirschfeldia incana were identified as the Brassicaceae weed hosts of TuMV, and the former two plant species were found to be the most important weed hosts for the virus in Iran. The full-length sequences of the genomic RNAs of IRN TRa6 and IRN SS5 isolates from R. rugosum and S. loeselii were determined. No evidence of recombination was found in both isolates using different recombination-detecting programmes. Phylogenetic analyses of the weed isolates with representative isolates from the world showed that the IRN TRa6 and IRN SS5 isolates fell into an ancestral basalBrassica group. This study shows for the first time the wide distribution and phylogenetic relationships of TuMV from weeds in the mid-Eurasia of Iran.

Serological and molecular identification of Turnip mosaic virus in some wild plants in Iran

“…Widespread occurrence of TuMV in Iran has been previously reported in field crops, vegetables, ornamentals and weeds. Phylogenetic analyses have indicated a clustering of Iranian isolates of the virus into the basal-B and Asian-BR genogroups (Shahraeen et al 2003;Farzadfar et al 2005Farzadfar et al , 2009Farzadfar and Pourrahim 2014). Detection of TuMV in these reports was done primarily using specific diagnostics tests.…”

“…The nucleotide sequences of the four Iranian isolates of TuMV and 34 representative non-recombinant sequences of the virus (Nguyen et al 2013) were evaluated for evidence of recombination by using RDP4 software according to the earlier reports (Farzadfar et al 2009;Nguyen et al 2013). Finally, no 'clear' recombination was found in the coding and noncoding regions of the isolates studied.…”

“…In this study, sequences of one Scallion mosaic virus (ScMV) and one Narcissus yellow stripe virus (NYSV) were used for outgroups (Ohshima et al 2002). The coding regions of TuMV sequences and the outgroups were aligned and degapped (Ohshima et al 2002;Farzadfar et al 2009). Phylogenetic relationships of these sequences were investigated by maximum-likelihood (ML) and neighbour-joining (NJ) algorithms implemented in Mega 6.0 software.…”

Detection of Viral and Viroid Plant Pathogens in the Environment

“…TuMV isolates from weed species IRN TRab and IRN SS5 fell into an ancestral basal-Brassica group. This investigation showed for the first time the wide distribution and phylogenetic relationships of TuMV from weeds (Farzadfar et al 2009). PVY from infected weed plant species Erodium cicutarium, Geranium pusillum, Lactuca serriola and Lamium purpureum was inoculated onto tobacco.…”

Cloning and Characterization of the BcTuR3 Gene Related to Resistance to Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) from Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

“…Infection of the plants by TuMV results in various symptoms, such as the typical leaf mosaic with stunting (mosaic) and the occurrence of necrosis along leaf veins (veinal necrosis). In most cases, veinal necrosis results in more severe damage than mosaic symptoms (Farzadfar et al 2009). As a result, repeated use of chemical medicines during the vegetation period has become inevitable to protect the grower from risk of severe losses, as the common Asian scion cultivars (cvs) of non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp.…”