Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis ofListeria monocytogenesIsolated from Milk and Milk Products in Kaduna, Nigeria

Abstract

In this study, Listeria (L.) monocytogenes isolated from milk and milk products in Kaduna, Nigeria, were subjected to a multiplex PCR assay to identify virulence-associated genes (such as prf A, inl A, hly A, act A, and iap). Of the 36 isolates, 9 (25%) were positive for one or two virulence-associated genes. Based on the sample type, 6 (16.9%) of the isolates that possessed virulence-associated genes were obtained from raw milk, 2 (3.2%) from “Manshanu,” and 1 (2.8%) from “Kindrimo.” Sequence and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA revealed that Nigerian L. monocytogenes isolates (NGA 34A, NGA 35A, NGA 41A, and NGA 38A), when compared with reference L. monocytogenes, were grouped into two distinct clusters, A and B, with sequence (NGA 34A, NGA 35A, and NGA 41A) phylogenetically closer to J1776; N1-011A; R2-502; J1816; and J2-031, whereas L. monocytogenes isolate (NGA 38A) clustered with EDG; J1-220; J1926; J1817; and J2-1091. The separation of the Nigerian L. monocytogenes isolates into linage A (responsible for epidemic listeriosis) and lineage B (responsible for sporadic cases of listeriosis) is of public health concern and that local isolates might have potentials for human food borne listeriosis based on the virulence factors so far identified.

<p>Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Combined with Hydrogen Peroxide Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Farms and Beef Slaughterhouses in Egypt</p>

“…74 In accordance with L. monocytogenes, it is classified as the third main pathogen that spread via food and its existence in milk and dairy products, besides having adverse effects on the dairy industry and public health. [75][76][77][78] L. monocytogenes can be transmitted to humans through contaminated milk and meat. 79,80 In the present study, the prevalence rate of L. monocytogenes was 21.7% and 25% from dairy farms and the slaughterhouse, respectively.…”

Prevalence, Pathogenicity, Virulence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Biofilm-Producing Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Different Ecological Niches in Egypt: Food, Humans, Animals, and Environment

“…The majority of higher MAR index were associated with isolates from chickens (layers or broilers), silage, and frozen fish, which was driven by the presence of resistance to tetracycline and sulphamethozole-trimethoprim. L. monocytogenes strains resistant to one or more antibiotics have been recovered from environmental, food, and from sporadic cases of human listeriosis [3,27,28,46,[49][50][51]80]. Importantly, the common-use drug treatment combination of ampicillin-gentamicin was not disrupted in any of the isolates, indicating high potential success of treatment.…”

“…The variance between L. monocytogenes strains in their virulence potentiality, that is consistent with the flagellar antigen groups, was exhibited in vitro and in vivo. Minimally, three distinct genetic lineages, and identified alphanumerically, were distinctive [27,28]: lineage I: which comprises serotypes causing pandemic listeriosis, lineage II: which embraces serotypes responsible for occasional listeriosis, and lineage III: which includes serotypes isolated from incidents of listeriosis on rare occasions. When the Listeria that were isolated from human, animal, and food were serotyped, 95% of the isolates were identified to be 1/2a, 1/2b and 4b [20,[27][28][29].…”

“…Minimally, three distinct genetic lineages, and identified alphanumerically, were distinctive [27,28]: lineage I: which comprises serotypes causing pandemic listeriosis, lineage II: which embraces serotypes responsible for occasional listeriosis, and lineage III: which includes serotypes isolated from incidents of listeriosis on rare occasions. When the Listeria that were isolated from human, animal, and food were serotyped, 95% of the isolates were identified to be 1/2a, 1/2b and 4b [20,[27][28][29]. The expression of several crucial virulence factors [8] are implicated in the pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes, which is harmonized and controlled by the regulatory prf A gene [8,30].…”

Identification of Listeria monocytogenes in cattle meat using biochemical methods and amplification of the hemolysin gene

“…The ability to survive in adverse conditions such as low temperatures and pH, high concentrations of salt and multiplication in cooling temperatures causes this bacterium to be related as a threat to public health ( Mohamed et al 2016), being cited in various foods processed as cheeses and dairy products (Barancelli et al 2014, Lee et al 2017, milk and milk productions (Usman et al 2016), meat products and ready-to-eat fi sh (Rodrigues et al 2017). Food consumption, as well as direct transmission between humans and animals represent the dynamics of listeriosis ( Steckler et al 2018).…”