Molecular characterization of Brucella species in cattle, sheep and goats obtained from selected municipalities in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Caine, Lesley-Anne; Nwodo, Uchechukwu U.; Okoh, Anthony I.; Green, Ezekiel

doi:10.12980/apjtd.7.2017d6-431

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In South Africa, the existing surveillance system is weak in monitoring brucellosis in livestock on farms and/or abattoirs, or high‐risk human population or from diagnostic laboratories records (DAFF, 2017; Padilla et al., 2010). Although Brucella species have been isolated from livestock (Caine et al., 2017; Kolo et al., 2019; Van Drimmelen, 1949, 1965) and humans (Schrire, 1962; Wojno et al., 2016), much is needed to be done to strengthen surveillance. Low prevalence of brucellosis has been documented in previous studies in South Africa which include the 1.50% reported for cattle sampled at the Cato Ridge abattoir in Kwazulu‐Natal province in 1984 (Bishop, 1984), 1.45% in rural cattle sampled in communities in KwaZulu‐Natal from 2001 to 2003 (Hesterberg et al., 2008) and more recently, 5.50% seropositivity in slaughtered cattle at Gauteng province abattoirs (Kolo et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, both studies did not report on the elimination of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:9 as recommended by the OIE (2016) in the pigs, which is known to cross‐react with serological test results for porcine brucellosis. The isolation of Brucella from livestock (Caine et al., 2017; Kolo et al., 2019) and humans (Schrire, 1962; Wojno et al., 2016) in South Africa emphases the need to associate seropositivity for brucellosis with bacteriological isolation results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A retrospective study (2007–2015) on brucellosis seropositivity in livestock in South Africa

Kolo

Adesiyun

Fasina

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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In South Africa, brucellosis testing and record‐keeping are done by several laboratories, thus it is difficult to access any organized data to assess the status of the disease. This study evaluated the seropositivity for brucellosis using Rose Bengal test and complement fixation test in suspect cattle, sheep, goats and pigs sera submitted to Bacterial Serology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Council‐Onderstepoort Veterinary Research (ARC‐OVR) from nine provinces in the country during the period 2007–2015. This retrospective data analysis was conducted to estimate the occurrence of brucellosis in the country from the submitted samples, identify variables that affected seropositivity for brucellosis, investigate existing gaps in data recording and make recommendations on important variables to facilitate better data capture and inferences on brucellosis. Nine years of data were collated and analysed to detect association (seropositivity over time regarding animal species and location). Of the 764,276 animals tested, the distribution of samples was 90.50% (691,539/764,276), 5.19% (39,672/764,276), 3.92% (29,967/764,276) and 0.41% (3,098/764,276) for cattle, sheep, goats and pigs, respectively. The seropositivity for brucellosis by animal species was 6.31% (43,666/691,539, 95% CI: 6.26–6.37), 2.09% (828/39,672, 95% CI: 1.95–2.23), 0.63% (189/29,967, 95% CI: 0.55–0.73) and 0.13% (4/3,098, 95% CI: 0.05–0.33) in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs respectively. The data available did not capture information on the age, sex, breed and other host risk factors that would have been related to seropositivity for brucellosis. The data provide an understanding of the disease occurrence and confirm that brucellosis is enzootic in South Africa. Improved and standardized data collection can be used to pro‐actively drive, monitor, change or formulate policies to mitigate the challenges brought about by brucellosis in the livestock sector in South Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective study (2007–2015) on brucellosis seropositivity in livestock in South Africa

Kolo

Adesiyun

Fasina

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…Furthermore, Caine et al. () detected B. melitensis from the tissues and blood samples of sheep at abattoirs in the Eastern Cape province, but was not biotyped.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this risk and threat of exposure of humans to brucellosis at abattoirs, the only published report of an abattoir-based study on bovine brucellosis was in 1984 where a prevalence rate of 1.5% was reported for cattle sampled at Cato Ridge abattoir in KwaZulu-Natal province (Bishop, 1984). In the Eastern Cape province, a 9.2% prevalence rate of B. abortus (of which 0.8% B. abortus S19 vaccine strain) was isolated from cattle, 2.9% B. melitensis from sheep and 6.3% B. melitensis from goats using different samples (blood, milk and lymph nodes) followed by species specific confirmation using PCR (Caine, Nwodo, Okoh, & Green, 2017 (OIE, 2016). These control measures amongst others are instituted to prevent a spillover of the disease to other domestic animals and wildlife in areas close to the wildlife parks (Simpson et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and characterization of Brucella species in cattle slaughtered at Gauteng abattoirs, South Africa

Kolo

Adesiyun

Fasina

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundBrucellosis is an infectious and contagious zoonotic bacterial disease of both humans and animals. In developing countries where brucellosis is endemic, baseline data on the prevalence of brucellosis, using abattoir facilities, is important.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against Brucella in slaughter cattle at Gauteng province, South Africa and to characterize isolates of Brucella spp.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, un‐clotted blood samples with corresponding organ tissue samples were collected from slaughtered cattle. Serological [Rose Bengal test (RBT), complement fixation test (CFT) and indirect ELISA (iELISA)], molecular (PCR) and bacteriological methods were used to detect Brucella antibodies and Brucella spp. from 200 slaughtered cattle in 14 abattoirs.ResultsThe RBT revealed a seroprevalence of brucellosis as 11.0% (22 of 200) and iELISA confirmed 5.5% (11 of 200). The estimated seroprevalence from RBT and iELISA was 5.5% while RBT and CFT was 2.0% (4 of 200). Brucella melitensis (n = 6) and B. abortus (n = 5) were isolated from 11 cattle tissues (5.5%) as confirmed to species level with AMOS PCR and differentiated from vaccine strains with Bruce‐ladder PCR. Seven of the 11 isolates originated from seropositive cattle of which five were biotyped as B. abortus bv 1 (n = 2) and B. melitensis bv 2 (n = 1) and B. melitensis bv 3 (n = 2).ConclusionsThis is the first documentation of B. melitensis in cattle in South Africa. The zoonotic risk of brucellosis posed by Brucella‐infected slaughter cattle to abattoir workers and consumers of improperly cooked beef cannot be ignored.

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“…Banfo et al [65] estimated that up to 30% of milk and dairy products at selling points in Bamako, Mali were contaminated with Brucella. More recently, Brucella spp., particularly B. abortus, have been reported in milk and dairy products with high prevalence in some African countries such including South Africa [66], Uganda [67], Togo, Mali, Burundi, Cameroon, Senegal and Niger [64]. These reports indicate that brucellosis or the causative microorganisms are widespread among dairy supply chains of Africa, and this presents a serious public health threat to local populations, particularly consumers of raw milk and traditional dairy products, as well as dairy farm workers.…”

Section: Pathogens Occurring In Raw Milk and Dairy Products In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Safety of Milk Production and Fermented Dairy Products in Africa

et al. 2020

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In Africa, milk production, processing and consumption are integral part of traditional food supply, with dairy products being a staple component of recommended healthy diets. This review provides an overview of the microbial safety characteristics of milk production and fermented dairy products in Africa. The object is to highlight the main microbial food safety hazards in the dairy chain and to propose appropriate preventive and control measures. Pathogens of public health concern including Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella abortus and Coxiella burnettii, which have largely been eradicated in many developed nations, still persist in the dairy chain in Africa. Factors such as the natural antimicrobial systems in milk and traditional processing technologies, including fermentation, heating and use of antimicrobial additives, that can potentially contribute to microbial safety of milk and dairy products in Africa will be discussed. Practical approaches to controlling safety hazards in the dairy chain in Africa have been proposed. Governmental regulatory bodies need to set the necessary national and regional safety standards, perform inspections and put measures in place to ensure that the standards are met, including strong enforcement programs within smallholder dairy chains. Dairy chain actors would require upgraded knowledge and training in preventive approaches such as good agricultural practices (GAP), hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) design and implementation and good hygienic practices (GHPs). Food safety education programs should be incorporated into school curricula, beginning at the basic school levels, to improve food safety cognition among students and promote life-long safe food handling behaviour.

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Molecular characterization of Brucella species in cattle, sheep and goats obtained from selected municipalities in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

A retrospective study (2007–2015) on brucellosis seropositivity in livestock in South Africa

A retrospective study (2007–2015) on brucellosis seropositivity in livestock in South Africa

Seroprevalence and characterization of Brucella species in cattle slaughtered at Gauteng abattoirs, South Africa

Microbial Safety of Milk Production and Fermented Dairy Products in Africa

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