Molecular characterization of clones of theMyzus persicaecomplex (Hemiptera: Aphididae) differing in their ability to transmit the potato leafroll luteovirus (PLRV)

Abstract

A prerequisite to studying the specific interactions involved in the persistent transmission of luteoviruses such as the potato leafroll virus (PLRV) is the characterization of both the virus and its vectors. A range of techniques was used to assess genetic differentiation among 27 clones belonging to the Myzus persicae complex (M. persicae (Sulzer), M. antirrhinii (Macchiati) and M. nicotianae Blackman) and showing different efficiencies in transmitting PLRV isolates. All M. persicae/M. nicotianae clones belonged to one of two karyotypes, both 2n = 12, either normal or carrying an autosomal translocation (A1,3), and all M. antirrhinii clones had 13 or 14 chromosomes. Amplified esterase 4 genes were detected by PCR-REN assay in M. persicae/M. nicotianae taxa, with gene expression being modified by methylation. Similarly, amplified E4 genes were revealed in M. antirrhinii but they all showed unmethylated. Two allozyme and 11 microsatellite loci discriminated 10 different genotypic classes among the 27 clones. Analysis of genetic relatedness between these genotypic classes revealed that M. nicotianae clones were very closely related to M. persicae clones, whereas the genetic differentiation between M. antirrhinii and M. persicae was greater. The implications of these results for the taxonomic status of these genotypes within the complex, and the transmission of PLRV, are discussed.

Does insecticide resistance alone account for the low genetic variability of asexually reproducing populations of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae?

“…This confirms the tendency for low genotypic variability in parthenogenetic populations of aphids, as observed in previous studies on M. persicae (Terradot et al, 1999;Guillemaud et al, 2003b;Vorburger et al, 2003) and on other species (eg Fuller et al, 1999;Simon et al, 1999;Delmotte et al, 2002;Papura et al, 2003). However, the variability found in our study is far lower than that found in three previous studies that dealt with clonal populations of M. persicae collected at the regional scale.…”

“…G1 was frequent in all the populations analyzed, whatever their location over a large geographic area (northern half of France), which is similar in size to the studies cited above. None of the frequent MLGs that were detected among flying aphids caught in aerial suction traps in France in 2000 (Guillemaud et al, 2003b) nor the frequent p6 MLG observed by Terradot et al (1999) among French and Spanish samples of M. persicae were the same as G1.…”

“…By using hypervariable microsatellite markers or ITS fingerprints, several studies have shown that asexually reproducing populations of M. persicae sampled on herbaceous plants display a low genotypic variability, both within and among populations at a regional scale (Fenton et al, 1998;Terradot et al, 1999;Guillemaud et al, 2003b;Vorburger et al, 2003). These analyses of European and Australian populations also revealed that some clonal genotypes could be repeatedly found in geographically distant (more than 100 km apart) populations.…”

Microsatellite variation in cyclically parthenogenetic populations of Myzus persicae in south-eastern Australia

“…In a concurrent collaborative study, Terradot et al (1999) used nine microsatellite loci that were used in the present work (M35 A , M37 A , M40 A , M63 A , M77 A , M107 A , S16b A , S17b X , S23 A ), and identified 23 alleles in seven clones of European M. persicae. We found 20 of these alleles in our Australian collections.…”

Identification of Generalist and Specialist Phenotypes of the Peach-Potato Aphid <i>Myzus persicae</i> (Insecta : Hemiptera : Aphididae) in Agroecosystem of Northeast India

“…In addition, intraspecific generalist and specialist morphs or genotypes adapted to a wide range of unrelated and specialized food plants respectively, have also been reported from different geographical regions 5,[8][9][10][11] . The green peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae, is of Asian origin like its primary host, Prunus persica (L.), but has become a world-wide pest of many food crops, especially vegetables like potato, tomato, eggplants and kale crops 12 , and a vector of many plant diseases 13 . In India, the species is known to live by asexual reproduction on 244 species of secondary hosts belonging to 56 plant families 14 .…”