Molecular characterization of Glaesserella parasuis strains isolated from North America, Europe and Asia by serotyping PCR and LS-PCR

Abstract

Glaesserella parasuis strains were characterized by serotyping PCR, vtaA virulence marker Leader Sequence (LS)-PCR, clinical significance, and geographic region. Overall, the serovars 4, 5/12, 7, 1, and 13 were the most commonly detected. Serovars of greatest clinical relevance were systemic isolates that had a higher probability of being serovar 5/12, 13, or 7. In comparison, pulmonary isolates had a higher likelihood of being serovars 2, 4, 7, or 14. Serovars 5/12 and 13 have previously been considered disease-associated, but this study agrees with other recent studies showing that serovar 7 is indeed associated with systemic G. parasuis disease. Serovar 4 strains illustrated how isolates can have varying degrees of virulence and be obtained from pulmonary, systemic, or nasal sites. Serovars 8, 9, 15, and 10 were predominantly obtained from nasal samples, which indicates a limited clinical significance of these serovars. Additionally, most internal G. parasuis isolates were classified as virulent by LS-PCR and were disease-associated isolates, including serovars 1, 2, 4, 5/12, 7, 13, and 14. Isolates from the nasal cavity, including serovars 6, 9, 10, 11, and 15, were classified as non-virulent by LS-PCR. In conclusion, the distribution of G. parasuis serovars remains constant, with few serovars representing most of the strains isolated from affected pigs. Moreover, it was confirmed that the LS-PCR can be used for G. parasuis virulence prediction of field strains worldwide.

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Outer membrane protein P2 (OmpP2) of Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis Isolates in Central State of Peninsular Malaysia

“…Nonetheless, the majority of the isolates described in this study, which were obtained from two major pig producing states in Malaysia (Perak and Selangor), were detected to be serotype 5 or 12. This is consistent to the predominance of serotype 5 or 12 found in North America, Europe and Asia [ 37 ]. For a better overview of the G. parasuis serotypic distribution within the country, the current study may be expanded to include all pig producing states in Malaysia.…”

TbpBY167A-Based Vaccine Can Protect Pigs against Glässer’s Disease Triggered by Glaesserella parasuis SV7 Expressing TbpB Cluster I

“…Today this list has been expanded as we have demonstrated for the first time the presence of virulent strains of G. parasuis SV7 causing GD in Brazilian pig farms. The global circulation of virulent strains typed as SV7 has been demonstrated in different studies [ 33 , 34 ], which highlights the importance of this serovar as the causative agent of GD.…”

Temporal Patterns of Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance and Coinfecting Pathogens in Glaesserella parasuis Strains Isolated from Diseased Swine in Germany from 2006 to 2021

“…Serotype 4 is also the most prevalent serotype in China in pigs suffering from Glässer’s disease [ 31 ], while in nasal swabs of healthy pigs most frequently serotype 7 (20%) and 3 (15%) were detected [ 32 ]. In a recent study concerning the distribution of Gps serotypes in different regions of the world, serotype 5/12 was the most common sort in Canada, China and Vietnam (22–31%) and the second most common sort in Europe (14%) behind serotype 4 (17%) [ 33 ]. These findings were comparable to those in our study, although a high proportion of Gps had been isolated from the respiratory tract.…”

“…These findings were comparable to those in our study, although a high proportion of Gps had been isolated from the respiratory tract. In most studies, Gps serotype 5 was found more frequently in systemic internal sites [ 33 ]. In our study, more than 90% of the Gps serotype 5 strains were isolated from the respiratory tract.…”