Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus in Southwestern China for the protective efficacy evaluation of four live vaccine strains

Li, Shuyun; Wen, Chengping; Shen, Yuxi; Xia, Jing; Fan, Shunyi; Li, Nianning; Luo, Yuqi; Han, Xinfeng; Cui, Min; Zhao, Yang O.; Huang, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.072

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Studies conducted in Belgium and Italy showed that vaccines of the Mass serotype protected poorly against NIBV isolates (Boursnell et al, 1987;Cavanagh, 2007;Fabricant, 1998). Besides the heterogeneity of the vaccine and challenge viruses, insufficient renal protection can be attributed to the high level of attenuation of H120, resulting in a mild vaccine, which is sufficient to protect the respiratory tract but not sufficient to protect the kidney (Li et al, 2022;Ma et al, 2019). A recent study conducted by Chen et al (2021); Lin et al (2016) showed that the use of a combination of two vaccines, Ma5 (Mass) and 4/91, was highly prophylactic against kidney damage caused by the homologous Belgian NIBV isolate B1648.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Nephropathogenic Strain of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in Some Northern Provinces in Vietnam

Hoan,

Thao,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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The nine-day-old Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) chicken embryos were inoculated with the XDC-2 strain of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV). 50% Embryo Infectious Dose (EID50) and pathological lesions were detected in the developing embryo. At the same time, 18-dayold SPF chickens were inoculated with the same strain of IBV in case of 5 chickens were injected with sterile PBS (1X, pH 7.4) as control and the chickens were checked daily for the symptoms. At 14 days' post-challenge, all the chicks were slaughtered, the pathological examinations and the virus was detected by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the virus caused dwarfism and death of the embryo after 3 days of post-challenge. The EID50 of the virus was estimated to be 5×10 -5.33 /mL. All the experimental chickens showed the symptoms after 3 days of infection such as depression, ruffled feathers, and slight diarrhea. The dead chickens were examined for gross lesions, which showed kidney enlargement, nephropathy, and massive uric acid salt deposits. Histopathological examination revealed that the kidney had tubular ectasia, glassy degeneration of epithelial cells, endothelial cell necrosis and exfoliation in some vessel lumens, monocyte infiltration, hyperemia, and hemorrhage in the renal interstitium. The virus was isolated and detected in the kidney by RT-PCR. It indicated the IBV XDC-2 was a predominantly nephrotoxic infectious bronchitis virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Nephropathogenic Strain of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in Some Northern Provinces in Vietnam

Hoan,

Thao,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…However, the H120 and 4/91 vaccines were unable to provide sufficient protection against the isolate, indicating that the recombinant strain may have developed an immune escape from the current vaccines, limiting their effectiveness in disease control. Li et al (2022) conducted a survey of IBV prevalence in southwest China and observed the same phenomenon: IBV vaccines were unable to suppress virus release [ 25 ]. Therefore, effective vaccines targeting local strains and improved vaccination strategies must be developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic Characterization of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the South China during 2021–2022

Yuan

Jiang

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Avian infectious bronchitis is a serious and highly contagious disease that is caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). From January 2021 to June 2022, 1008 chicken tissue samples were collected from various regions of southern China, and 15 strains of the IBV were isolated. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strains mainly comprised the QX type, belonging to the same genotype as the currently prevalent LX4 type, and identified four recombination events in the S1 gene, among which lineages GI-13 and GI-19 were most frequently involved in recombination. Further study of seven selected isolates revealed that they caused respiratory symptoms, including coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, and tracheal sounds, accompanied by depression. Inoculation of chicken embryos with the seven isolates resulted in symptoms such as curling, weakness, and bleeding. Immunization of specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens with inactivated isolates produced high antibody levels that neutralized the corresponding strains; however, antibodies produced by vaccine strains were not effective in neutralizing the isolates. No unambiguous association was found between IBV genotypes and serotypes. In summary, a new trend in IBV prevalence has emerged in southern China, and currently available vaccines do not provide protection against the prevalent IBV strains in this region, facilitating the continued spread of IBV.

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“…LGX/111119 induced nephropathogenic effects in 1-day-old SPF chicks and exhibited multiorgan tropism (respiratory, renal, digestive, and reproductive) [125]. Despite the introduction of the LDT3-A (GI-28) vaccine alongside the commonly used H120 and 4/91 vaccines since 2011, GI-28 remains prevalent in various geographic regions within China [164], indicating its endemic nature. Later, a new recombinant IBV strain CK/CH/MY/2020 belonging to GI-28 emerged because of multiple recombination events involving three live-attenuated vaccine strains: H120, 4/91, and LDT3-A [165].…”

Section: Emergence Of Newly Identified Ibv Genotypes/lineagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection of a minor subpopulation of marginal virulence (less attenuation) within the attenuated vaccine was shown to occur in the chicken as early as 3 dpv leading to emergence of vaccinederived strains of increased virulence [107,112,118,251]. Moreover, genetic recombination between the vaccine and field strains of IBV promotes the creation of novel variant strains [98,101,117,136,156,159,164,249,250,[252][253][254][255]. The use of multiple live-attenuated vaccine strains could result in simultaneous recombination, even in the absence of field strains, leading to the creation of virulent recombinant viruses [165].…”

Section: Viral-vectoredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Emergence of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Variants: Evolution, Immunity, and Vaccination Challenges

Abozeid

2023

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Infectious bronchitis is an acute, extremely contagious viral disease affecting chickens of all ages, leading to devastating economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. Affected chickens show respiratory distress and/or nephritis, in addition to decrease of egg production and quality in layers. The avian coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), is a rapidly evolving virus due to the high frequency of mutations and recombination events that are common in coronaviruses. This leads to the continual emergence of novel genotypes that show variable or poor crossprotection. The immune response against IBV is complex. Passive, innate and adaptive humoral and cellular immunity play distinct roles in protection against IBV. Despite intensive vaccination using the currently available live-attenuated and inactivated IBV vaccines, IBV continues to circulate, evolve, and trigger outbreaks worldwide, indicating the urgent need to update the current vaccines to control the emerging variants. Different approaches for preparation of IBV vaccines, including DNA, subunit, peptides, virus-like particles, vectored and recombinant vaccines, have been tested in many studies to combat the disease. This review focuses on several key aspects related to IBV, including its clinical significance, the functional structure of the virus, the factors that contribute to its evolution and diversity, the types of immune responses against IBV, and the characteristics of both current and emerging IBV vaccines. The goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of IBV and explore the emergence of variants, their dissemination around the world, and the challenges to define the efficient vaccination strategies.

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Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus in Southwestern China for the protective efficacy evaluation of four live vaccine strains

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Identification of a Nephropathogenic Strain of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in Some Northern Provinces in Vietnam

Identification of a Nephropathogenic Strain of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in Some Northern Provinces in Vietnam

Antigenic Characterization of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the South China during 2021–2022

Global Emergence of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Variants: Evolution, Immunity, and Vaccination Challenges

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