“…Further, because they are not easy to rear, few studies of S. formosus have been reported. At present, research on S. formosus has focused mainly on interspecific genetic variations, evolutionary status, and karyotype (Austin, Tan, Croft, Hammer, & Gan, ; Bian et al, ; Mohdshamsudin et al, ; Mu et al, ; Rahman, Zakariaismail, Tang, & Muniandy, ; Tian, Mu, Wang, Gu, & Hu, ). So far, a method to effectively identify the sex of S. formosus has not been discovered.…”