Molecular characterization of the type 3 (MR/K) fimbriae of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Gerlach, Gerald-F.; Allen, Bradley L.; Clegg, Steven

doi:10.1128/jb.170.8.3547-3553.1988

Cited by 64 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Construction and characterization of the plasmids encoding the K. pneumoniae types 1 (pGG101) and 3 (pFK12) fimbriae, as well as the E. coli Pap fimbriae (pDC1), have been described elsewhere (3,5,7,16). The hemagglutination and fimbriation phenotypes of E. coli transformants possessing these plasmids and their deletion derivatives are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and characterization of the genes encoding the type 3 and type 1 fimbrial adhesins of Klebsiella pneumoniae

1989

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Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are known to express two morphologically and functionally distinct filaments, the type 3 and the type 1 fimbriae. The gene (mrkD) encoding the adhesion of K. pneumoniae type 3 fimbriae was identified by transcomplementation analysis with the pap fimbrial gene cluster of Escherichia coli. The nucleotide sequence of the mrkD gene was determined. In addition, the determinant coding for the K. pneumoniae type 1 fimbrial adhesion was identified, and its nucleotide sequence was deduced. The predicted amino acid sequences of the K. pneumoniae adhesion proteins are compared, and similarities with the major fimbrial structural proteins (MrkA and FimA) are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Nucleotide sequencing analysis was performed by the method of Maxam and Gilbert (19). Transcomplementation analyses were performed by using recombinant plasmids possessing the compatible cloning vehicles pBR322 and pACYC184 as previously described (5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of the genes encoding the type 3 and type 1 fimbrial adhesins of Klebsiella pneumoniae

1989

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“…The hydrophobicity and predicted secondary-structure profiles of each gene product (data not shown) are consistent with a transmembrane-or membrane-associated locale for the mature proteins (18). In light of the known requirement of these products for the surface expression of intact fimbriae (3) and their cellular localization, it is possible that the MrkB and MrkC proteins play a role in the assembly and anchorage of fimbrial filaments. Interestingly, the genes for these two determinants are situated within the gene cluster in positions similar to those of determinants suggested to play equivalent roles in the K88, Pap, and type 1 fimbrial systems of E. coli (15,17).…”

Section: Y P D S Y T T T G S S F R L V G S T F T L D I I K T S T T mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…1) (3). The nucleotide sequence of the mrkA gene, which encodes the major fimbrial subunit, has been determined, and the transcription initiation site has been identified (3). The mannose-resistant Klebsiella-like hemagglutinin-specific adhesin activity was shown to be mediated by a distinct gene product, that of mrkD, and the nucleotide sequence of this gene has also been determined (5,22).…”

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Nucleotide sequence and functions of mrk determinants necessary for expression of type 3 fimbriae in Klebsiella pneumoniae

1991

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The nucleotide sequence of six genes involved in the expression of type 3 fimbriae of Klebsiella pneumoniae was determined. In addition to the genes that encode the fimbrial subunit (mrkA) and adhesion (mrkD), the mrkB, mrkC, and mrkE genes appear to be involved in assembly of the fimbrial filament and regulation of type 3 fimbrial expression. The mrkF gene product is required to maintain the stability of the fimbrial filament on the cell surface.

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Cyclic‐di‐GMP regulation of virulence in bacterial pathogens

Hall

Lee

2017

WIREs RNA

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Signaling pathways allow bacteria to adapt to changing environments. For pathogenic bacteria, signaling pathways allow for timely expression of virulence factors and the repression of antivirulence factors within the mammalian host. As the bacteria exit the mammalian host, signaling pathways enable the expression of factors promoting survival in the environment and/or nonmammalian hosts. One such signaling pathway uses the dinucleotide cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP), and many bacterial genomes encode numerous proteins that are responsible for synthesizing and degrading c-di-GMP. Once made, c-di-GMP binds to individual protein and RNA receptors to allosterically alter the macromolecule function to drive phenotypic changes. Each bacterial genome encodes unique sets of genes for c-di-GMP signaling and virulence factors so the regulation by c-di-GMP is organism specific. Recent works have pointed to evidence that c-di-GMP regulates virulence in different bacterial pathogens of mammalian hosts. In this review, we discuss the criteria for determining the contribution of signaling nucleotides to pathogenesis using a well-characterized signaling nucleotide, cyclic AMP (cAMP), in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using these criteria, we review the roles of c-di-GMP in mediating virulence and highlight common themes that exist among eight diverse pathogens that cause different diseases through different routes of infection and transmission. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. How to cite this article:WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1454. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1454 INTRODUCTIONB is-(3 0 -5 0 )-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a widely utilized signaling pathway that regulates bacterial adaptation to different environments. 1 C-di-GMP is synthesized from two GTP by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) that contain a GGDEF domain and degraded into pGpG by phosphodiesterases (PDE-As) that contain EAL or HD-GYP domain. Signaling by c-di-GMP is completed when pGpG is degraded further to GMP by oligoribonuclease and related RNA degradation enzymes. [2][3][4] Thus, c-di-GMP represents one of the shortest signaling ribonucleotides. In addition, a number of genes can encode proteins with both GGDEF and EAL domains (GGDEF-EAL), indicating that levels of c-di-GMP in the cell are regulated by a complicated number of synthetic and degradative enzymes. Once made, c-di-GMP binds a diverse set of protein receptors and RNA riboswitches. 1 C-di-GMP binding to molecular receptors allosterically alters their function and downstream cellular phenotypes. 5 Genes encoding c-di-GMP signaling components are found in a large number of bacterial pathogens. This review seeks to cover the contribution of c-di-GMP signaling to bacterial pathogenesis for a number of different pathogens to identify common themes. For this review, virulence and pathogenesis is considered as the ability of the bacteria to replicate and cause disease symptoms in the mammalian host. Owing to space limitation, for each pathogen, we have referenced reviews that cover their virulence factors and their c...

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Molecular characterization of the type 3 (MR/K) fimbriae of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Cited by 64 publications

References 37 publications

Identification and characterization of the genes encoding the type 3 and type 1 fimbrial adhesins of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Identification and characterization of the genes encoding the type 3 and type 1 fimbrial adhesins of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Nucleotide sequence and functions of mrk determinants necessary for expression of type 3 fimbriae in Klebsiella pneumoniae

Cyclic‐di‐GMP regulation of virulence in bacterial pathogens

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