Molecular cloning, characterization and differential expression of DRK1 in Sporothrix schenckii

Hou, Binbin; Zhang, Zhenying; Zheng, Fangliang; Liu, Xiaoming

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.1193

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In S. schenckii, few studies have been conducted to identify key genes involved in triggering and maintaining the dimorphic changes. One gene (DRK1), encoding a hybrid histidine kinase (HHK), has been described as a master regulator of the hyphae-to-yeast transition and virulence in several dimorphic fungi, including S. schenckii [56,57]. The expression of this gene was reported to be up-regulated in the yeast-phase compared to the mould-phase [56,57] but, in our study, we found it (ORF Spsc_00605) to be not differentially expressed between mould and yeast forms of S. schenckii (Table S3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome-wide expression profiling of Sporothrix schenckii yeast and mycelial forms and the establishment of the Sporothrix Genome DataBase

et al. 2020

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Sporothrix schenckii is a dimorphic fungus existing as mould in the environment and as yeast in the host. The morphological shift between mycelial/yeast phases is crucial for its virulence, but the transcriptional networks implicated in dimorphic transition are still not fully understood. Here, we report the global transcriptomic differences occurring between mould and yeast phases of S. schenckii, including changes in gene expression profiles associated with these distinct cellular phenotypes. Moreover, we also propose a new genome annotation, which reveals a more complex transcriptional architecture than previously assumed. Using RNA-seq, we identified a total of 17 307 genes, of which 11 217 were classified as protein-encoding genes, whereas 6090 were designated as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Approximately ~71 % of all annotated genes were found to overlap and the different-strand overlapping type was the most common. Gene expression analysis revealed that 8795 genes were differentially regulated among yeast and mould forms. Differential gene expression was also observed for antisense ncRNAs overlapping neighbouring protein-encoding genes. The release of transcriptome-wide data and the establishment of the Sporothrix Genome DataBase (http://sporothrixgenomedatabase.unime.it) represent an important milestone for Sporothrix research, because they provide a strong basis for future studies on the molecular pathways involved in numerous biological processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome-wide expression profiling of Sporothrix schenckii yeast and mycelial forms and the establishment of the Sporothrix Genome DataBase

et al. 2020

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“…DRK1 is conserved in the dimorphic fungi with homologs identified in Sporothrix schenckii and Penicillium marneffei. 57,58 DRK1 transcript is 24-fold more abundant in S. schenckii yeast than hyphae. 57 In P. marneffei, the DRK1 homolog, DRKA, is important for germinating conidia to develop into the pathogenic yeast within macrophages at 37°C.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Overviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…57,58 DRK1 transcript is 24-fold more abundant in S. schenckii yeast than hyphae. 57 In P. marneffei, the DRK1 homolog, DRKA, is important for germinating conidia to develop into the pathogenic yeast within macrophages at 37°C. 58 Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in understanding the yeast-to-hyphal transition following a drop in temperature from 37 to 22-25°C.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Overviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

New Developments in Blastomycosis

Smith

Gauthier

2015

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Blastomyces dermatitidis, the etiologic agent of blastomycosis, is a thermally dimorphic fungus that grows as a filamentous mold in the environment and as budding yeast in human tissue. This pathogen is endemic to North America, particularly in the states bordering the Mississippi and Ohio rivers, the Great Lakes, and the St. Lawrence Seaway. Infection with B. dermatitidis causes a broad array of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infection to fulminant sepsis with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. B. dermatitidis can infect almost any organ in the body, but has a predilection for lungs and skin. There have been recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this fungus. The Infectious Diseases Society of America published updated guidelines in 2008 to guide clinicians in the treatment of this important pathogen.

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“…Genes such as histidine kinase ( drk1 ) regulates the transition of mycelium to yeast and consequently the maintenance of virulence in B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum [16]. This gene, also identified in S. schenckii, shows 65% of identity with its ortholog in B.dermatitidis and seems to be highly expressed during the yeast stage [17]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of the major fungal agents of human and animal Sporotrichosis: Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe fungal genus Sporothrix includes at least four human pathogenic species. One of these species, S. brasiliensis, is the causal agent of a major ongoing zoonotic outbreak of sporotrichosis in Brazil. Elsewhere, sapronoses are caused by S. schenckii and S. globosa. The major aims on this comparative genomic study are: 1) to explore the presence of virulence factors in S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis; 2) to compare S. brasiliensis, which is cat-transmitted and infects both humans and cats with S. schenckii, mainly a human pathogen; 3) to compare these two species to other human pathogens (Onygenales) with similar thermo-dimorphic behavior and to other plant-associated Sordariomycetes.ResultsThe genomes of S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis were pyrosequenced to 17x and 20x coverage comprising a total of 32.3 Mb and 33.2 Mb, respectively. Pair-wise genome alignments revealed that the two species are highly syntenic showing 97.5% average sequence identity. Phylogenomic analysis reveals that both species diverged about 3.8-4.9 MYA suggesting a recent event of speciation. Transposable elements comprise respectively 0.34% and 0.62% of the S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis genomes and expansions of Gypsy-like elements was observed reflecting the accumulation of repetitive elements in the S. brasiliensis genome. Mitochondrial genomic comparisons showed the presence of group-I intron encoding homing endonucleases (HE’s) exclusively in S. brasiliensis. Analysis of protein family expansions and contractions in the Sporothrix lineage revealed expansion of LysM domain-containing proteins, small GTPases, PKS type1 and leucin-rich proteins. In contrast, a lack of polysaccharide lyase genes that are associated with decay of plants was observed when compared to other Sordariomycetes and dimorphic fungal pathogens, suggesting evolutionary adaptations from a plant pathogenic or saprobic to an animal pathogenic life style.ConclusionsComparative genomic data suggest a unique ecological shift in the Sporothrix lineage from plant-association to mammalian parasitism, which contributes to the understanding of how environmental interactions may shape fungal virulence. . Moreover, the striking differences found in comparison with other dimorphic fungi revealed that dimorphism in these close relatives of plant-associated Sordariomycetes is a case of convergent evolution, stressing the importance of this morphogenetic change in fungal pathogenesis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-943) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Molecular cloning, characterization and differential expression of DRK1 in Sporothrix schenckii

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Transcriptome-wide expression profiling of Sporothrix schenckii yeast and mycelial forms and the establishment of the Sporothrix Genome DataBase

Transcriptome-wide expression profiling of Sporothrix schenckii yeast and mycelial forms and the establishment of the Sporothrix Genome DataBase

New Developments in Blastomycosis

Comparative genomics of the major fungal agents of human and animal Sporotrichosis: Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis

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