Molecular composition and seasonal variation of amino acids in urban aerosols from Beijing, China

Ren, Lujie; Bai, Huiyu; Xi, Yu; Wu, Fengchang; Yue, Siyao; Ren, Hong; Li, Linjie; Lai, Shengli; Sun, Yele; Wang, Zifa; Fu, Pingqing

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.11.032

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Obviously, there are new sources of CAAs and FAAs that enhance the concentrations of CAAs and FAAs in PM2.5 and balance the function of precipitation scavenging. These new sources are likely biological material because biological sources contain a large abundance CAAs and FAAs (Ren et al, ). Samy et al () found a significant increase in the concentrations of free Ser, Gln, and Thr during rainfall events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, reactive amino acids (e.g., Glu, Asp, His, and Tyr) in PM2.5 increased during the rainfall events observed in this study, which may be partly related to low oxidation rates during rainfall. Photooxidation reactions between free radicals and reactive amino acids were slowed down during precipitation days; thus, more reactive AAs were observed in PM2.5 (Ren et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to study CAAs in aerosols, a hydrolysis method was used to convert all of the total amino acids (TAAs) to FAAs. Samples were prepared using a modified version of Mandalakis et al () and Ren et al (). In brief, one‐sixteenth of each filter sample (~80 m 3 of air) was ultrasonically extracted twice for 30 min with 12 ml of Milli‐Q water (18.2 MΩ cm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

et al. 2020

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Amino acids is an important organic nitrogen compound class in aerosol. Its origins and transformation in the atmosphere remain poorly understood. The concentrations of free amino acids (FAAs) and combined amino acids (CAAs) and δ15N values of free and combined Glycine (Gly) in PM2.5 and main emission sources (plant, soil, and aerosol from biomass burning) were investigated from five sampling sites in Nanchang area (Jiangxi Province, China). Our results showed that the composition profiles of CAAs and FAAs were quite different from each other in PM2.5. For CAAs, percentages of individual combined amino acids were different between biomass burning sources and plant or soil sources, and we found that the composition profiles of aerosol CAAs could reflect the contribution of the main emission sources. For FAAs, a predominance of free Gly was observed in aerosol FAAs pool because atmospheric photooxidative processes could increase free Gly and decrease other reactive FAAs. This implied that the composition of aerosol FAAs could not reflect their origins. A strong correlation between δ15NF‐Gly values in aerosols or sources and the δ15NC‐Gly values in their parent CAAs was observed, indicating that the isotope effect associated with Gly transformation in aerosols may be small. Additionally, we found more positive δ15NGly in aerosols emitted by biomass burning, which was likely due to 15N‐depleted amino‐N loss from Gly molecule. The results suggested that δ15NGly values in aerosols might be used to identify biomass burning sources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

et al. 2020

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“…Amino acids have low vapor pressures 396 and are anticipated to be found primarily in the condensed phase. These compounds have been identified in atmospheric particles, precipitation, and fog water collected over land and marine surfaces 397‐403 . Ge et al 385 tabulated 32 amino acids that have been identified in 12 different studies of atmospheric particles, rainwater, and fog water.…”

Section: Acids and Basesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor acids and bases

2020

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Numerous acids and bases influence indoor air quality. The most abundant of these species are CO2 (acidic) and NH3 (basic), both emitted by building occupants. Other prominent inorganic acids are HNO3, HONO, SO2, H2SO4, HCl, and HOCl. Prominent organic acids include formic, acetic, and lactic; nicotine is a noteworthy organic base. Sources of N‐, S‐, and Cl‐containing acids can include ventilation from outdoors, indoor combustion, consumer product use, and chemical reactions. Organic acids are commonly more abundant indoors than outdoors, with indoor sources including occupants, wood, and cooking. Beyond NH3 and nicotine, other noteworthy bases include inorganic and organic amines. Acids and bases partition indoors among the gas‐phase, airborne particles, bulk water, and surfaces; relevant thermodynamic parameters governing the partitioning are the acid‐dissociation constant (Ka), Henry's law constant (KH), and the octanol‐air partition coefficient (Koa). Condensed‐phase water strongly influences the fate of indoor acids and bases and is also a medium for chemical interactions. Indoor surfaces can be large reservoirs of acids and bases. This extensive review of the state of knowledge establishes a foundation for future inquiry to better understand how acids and bases influence the suitability of indoor environments for occupants, cultural artifacts, and sensitive equipment.

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“…biosphere nutrient cycling and the global nitrogen cycle has aroused great concern (Samy et al, 2013;Zhang and Anastasio, 2003). Besides that, AAs and proteins are important constituents of allergenic bioaerosol (Miguel et al, 1999;Huffman et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Amino acids (AAs) are relevant for nitrogen cycles, climate change and public health. Their size distribution may help to uncover the source, transformation and fate of protein in the atmosphere. This paper explores the use of compound-specific δ15N patterns of hydrolyzed amino acid (HAA), δ15N values of total hydrolyzed amino acid (δ15NTHAA), degradation index (DI) and the variance within trophic AAs (∑V) as markers to examine the sources and processing history of different sizes of particle in the atmosphere. Two weeks of daily aerosol samples from five sampling sites in the Nanchang area (Jiangxi Province, China) and samples of main emission sources of AAs in aerosols (biomass burning, soil and plants) were collected (Zhu et al., 2020). Here, we measured the concentrations and δ15N values of each HAA in two size-segregated aerosol particles (> 2.5 µm and PM2.5). Our results showed that the average concentrations of THAA in fine particles was nearly 6 times higher than that in coarse particles (p < 0.01) and composition profiles of fine and coarse particles were quite different from each other. The δ15N values of hydrolyzed glycine and THAA in both fine and coarse particles were typically in the range of those from biomass burning, soil and plant sources. Moreover, the average difference in the δ15NTHAA value between fine and coarse particles was smaller than 1.5 ‰. These results suggested that the sources of atmospheric HAAs for fine and coarse particles might be similar. Meanwhile, compared to fine particles, significantly lower DI values (p < 0.05), “scattered” δ15N distribution in trophic AA and higher ∑V values (p < 0.05) were observed in coarse particles. But the difference in δ15N values of source AA (glycine, serine, phenylalanine and lysine) and THAA between coarse particles and fine particles was relatively small. It is likely that AAs in coarse particles have advanced bacterial degradation states compared to fine particles. Besides that, the significant increase in DI values and a decrease in ∑V values for coarse particles were observed on days on which precipitation fell (p < 0.05). This implies that “fresh” AAs in coarse particles were likely released following the precipitation.

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Molecular composition and seasonal variation of amino acids in urban aerosols from Beijing, China

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

Indoor acids and bases

Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state

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