Molecular Considerations in the Tylophorinae  K. Schum. (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae)

Liede, Sigrid; Täuber, A.; Schneidt, J.

doi:10.1017/s0960428602000239

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…However, because Africa represents the geographically close primary or secondary centre of origin of the genus, circumstances point to Madagascar as a secondary outlier of an originally tropical African distribution area. In a phylogeny acquired for Tylophora based on cpDNA and ITS sequence data (Liede et al ., in press), a basal position for the African clade T. sylvatica , T. apiculata K. Schum. and T. tenuipedunculata K. Schum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Floristic exchange between mainland Africa and Madagascar: case studies in Apocynaceae– Asclepiadoideae

Meve

Liede

2002

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim The Apocynaceae–Asclepiadoideae (c. 125 species) of Madagascar's flora are highly endemic, and floristic conformity between Madagascar and Africa (and Asia) is low. Of the c. 1250 Old World Asclepiadoideae species, only ten species are shared between mainland Africa and Madagascar. Our comprehensive data elaborated during the last 15 years of systematic research in Asclepiadoideae were used to (1) examine Leroy's hypothesis that Madagascar's flora resulted from an autochthonous Gondwanean stock and natural introduction of taxa in time, (2) check the probability of our phylogentic considerations against the direction of the floristic exchange traced, and (3) present evidence for successful long‐distance dispersal events. Location Africa, Madagascar, Asia. Methods Published and unpublished data on distribution, morphology, chromosome numbers and DNA sequence analysis of Asclepiadoideae taxa distributed in both Africa and Madagascar (Asia and Madagascar) were reviewed and evaluated. Results Ten species belonging to the genera Ceropegia, Cynanchum (incl. Sarcostemma), Gomphorcarpus, Gymnema, Microloma, Pentatropis, Pleurostelma, Telosma and Tylophora are shared between mainland Africa and Madagascar, three species extend to Asia. In most of the cases presented, evidence points to long‐distance dispersal from Africa to Madagascar; only in the Cynanchum complex dispersal events from Madagascar to Africa are corroborated. Mainconclusions An exchange of asclepiadaceous flora between mainland Africa and Madagascar and vice versa took place in at least ten cases. However, <1% of the Malagasy species is involved, meaning that the speciose autochthonous Malagasy Asclepiadoideae flora is only inconspicuously influenced by these presumably rather recent introductions. The African–Malagasy distributions can only be explained by long‐distance dispersal events effected by anemochorous seeds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarcostemma ) compare Liede & Täuber (2000, in press) and Liede & Kunze (in press). For Tylophora , Pleurostelma and Pentatropis see Liede (2001) and Liede et al . (in press).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic exchange between mainland Africa and Madagascar: case studies in Apocynaceae– Asclepiadoideae

Meve

Liede

2002

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Rapini () presented an account of the recent developments in the classification of Apocynaceae, with particular emphasis on Brazilian Asclepiadoideae. Glossonematinae were subsumed in Cynanchineae by Liede, Taüber & Schneidt () and Liede & Taüber (). The concepts of Cynanchinae and Cynanchum itself were clarified by Liede & Taüber () who restricted both to a largely Old World radiation that also included the New World species of Cynanchum subgenus Mellichampia .…”

Section: Asclepiadoideaementioning

confidence: 99%

The taxonomy and systematics of Apocynaceae: where we stand in 2012

et al. 2013

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In their most recent classification of Apocynaceae in 2000, Endress and Bruyns recognized five subfamilies of Apocynaceae (Rauvolfioideae, Apocynoideae, Periplocoideae, Secamonoideae and Asclepiadoideae). Subsequently, through various studies using molecular data, it has been shown that most tribes and subtribes of Rauvolfioideae were not monophyletic, and new tribes and subtribes have been erected to reflect improved phylogenetic understanding of the family: Aspidospermeae in Rauvolfioideae; Nerieae, Odontadenieae and Baisseeae in Apocynoideae; Fockeeae in Asclepiadoideae; and Orthosiinae in Asclepiadeae. Several genera in Rauvolfioideae have been reassigned to different tribes in order to improve the monophyly of these tribes. The sister group of Asclepiadoideae plus Secamonoideae is not Periplocoideae, as formerly assumed, but tribe Baisseeae. Periplocoideae are nested in Apocynoideae. However, tribal composition remains unclear in some parts of the family. Clade structure in Apocynaceae is now generally well understood. The principal challenges now lie in identifying characters that can reflect and articulate these clades in a formal classification. Species‐rich, recent radiations such as core Asclepiadinae in Africa and the Metastematinae in Latin America present particular problems in this regard. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London

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“…Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed that Vincetoxicum is closely related to Tylophora and forms a monophyletic clade with this genus (Liede, Tauber & Schneidt, 2002; Yamashiro et al ., 2004b). Yamashiro et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological aspects and phylogenetic analyses of pollination systems in the Tylophora-Vincetoxicum complex (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) in Japan

Yamashiro

Yokoyama

et al. 2008

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Pollinators of two Cynanchum, five Tylophora, and 16 Vincetoxicum species were observed in 26 populations in Japan. The following pollination systems were observed in 18 species: moth pollination, generalized insect pollination, wasp pollination, dipteran pollination, both dipteran and moth pollination, and autogamy. Principal component analysis based on 13 floral characters indicated that the size of the pollinator tended to increase with sizes of all characters measured. Furthermore, species that have developed interstaminal parts of the corona and concealed stigmatic chambers tend to be pollinated by long-tongued insects. The phylogenetic distribution of pollinator types showed that species belonging to Clade I are pollinated exclusively by Diptera, whereas those of Clade II are pollinated by four insect orders. The most prominent pollinator transition in the TylophoraVincetoxicum complex is dipteran to moth pollination. The most common morphological change of the plants from dipteran pollination to moth pollination, or vice versa, is modification of the corolla. In the Tylophora-Vincetoxicum complex, pollination mode shifts are generally accompanied by modifications of the corona and the structure of gynostegium. One hypothesis for the rapid radiation observed in Clade II is that a widely distributed species may have partitioned its distribution in the relatively near past and adapted to various environments, in which the dominant pollinators were different, and that the local races may then have diverged from each other after they were isolated.

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Molecular Considerations in the Tylophorinae K. Schum. (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Floristic exchange between mainland Africa and Madagascar: case studies in Apocynaceae– Asclepiadoideae

Floristic exchange between mainland Africa and Madagascar: case studies in Apocynaceae– Asclepiadoideae

The taxonomy and systematics of Apocynaceae: where we stand in 2012

Morphological aspects and phylogenetic analyses of pollination systems in the Tylophora-Vincetoxicum complex (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae) in Japan

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