Molecular detection and identification of Wolbachia endosymbiont in fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera)

Önder, Zühal; Çiloğlu, Arif; Düzlü, Önder; Yıldırım, Alparslan; Okur, Mubeccel; Yetişmiş, Gamze; İncı, Abdullah

doi:10.1007/s12223-019-00692-5

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Despite the completion of the C. felis genome project and the detection of Wolbachia DNA in Ctenocephalides spp. fleas in several other studies [ 15 , 16 , 22 , 24 , 26 ], actual Wolbachia bacteria had not been visualised or isolated from fleas of this genus prior to the present study, although immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy identified Wolbachia in the sand flea T. penetrans [ 14 ]. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses from separate studies suggest Ctenocephalides sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Wolbachia is found in most of the major groups of haematophagous arthropods, including biting Diptera and Hemiptera, fleas, lice and parasitic mites [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. The CI phenotype, in which the progeny of crosses between infected males and uninfected females (or females carrying an incompatible Wolbachia strain) die early in development, is common in blood-feeding Diptera [ 21 , 25 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Propagation of Laboratory Strains and a Novel Flea-Derived Field Strain of Wolbachia in Tick Cell Lines

et al. 2020

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Wolbachia are intracellular endosymbionts of several invertebrate taxa, including insects and nematodes. Although Wolbachia DNA has been detected in ticks, its presence is generally associated with parasitism by insects. To determine whether or not Wolbachia can infect and grow in tick cells, cell lines from three tick species, Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes ricinus and Rhipicephalus microplus, were inoculated with Wolbachia strains wStri and wAlbB isolated from mosquito cell lines. Homogenates prepared from fleas collected from cats in Malaysia were inoculated into an I. scapularis cell line. Bacterial growth and identity were monitored by microscopy and PCR amplification and sequencing of fragments of Wolbachia genes. The wStri strain infected Ixodes spp. cells and was maintained through 29 passages. The wAlbB strain successfully infected Ixodes spp. and R. microplus cells and was maintained through 2–5 passages. A novel strain of Wolbachia belonging to the supergroup F, designated wCfeF, was isolated in I. scapularis cells from a pool of Ctenocephalides sp. cat fleas and maintained in vitro through two passages over nine months. This is the first confirmed isolation of a Wolbachia strain from a flea and the first isolation of any Wolbachia strain outside the “pandemic” A and B supergroups. The study demonstrates that tick cells can host multiple Wolbachia strains, and can be added to panels of insect cell lines to improve success rates in isolation of field strains of Wolbachia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Propagation of Laboratory Strains and a Novel Flea-Derived Field Strain of Wolbachia in Tick Cell Lines

et al. 2020

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“…Wolbachia supergroup F is the only clade composed by strains that infecting arthropods and some infecting filarial nematodes [13,14]. This includes especially hematophagous arthropods, such as biting Diptera and Hemiptera, fleas, lice and parasitic mites [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Recently, a novel strain of Wolbachia belonging to the supergroup F was isolated in Ixodes scapularis cells from a pool of Ctenocephalides sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Earliest Endosymbiont, Wolbachia massiliensis sp. nov., Strain PL13 from the Bed Bug (Cimex hemipterus), Type Strain of a New Supergroup T

Laidoudi

Levasseur

Medkour

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The symbiotic Wolbachia are the most sophisticated mutualistic bacterium among all insect-associated microbiota. Wolbachia-insect relationship fluctuates from the simple facultative/parasitic to an obligate nutritional-mutualistic association as it was the case of the bedbug-Wolbachia from Cimexlectularius. Understanding this association may help in the control of associated arthropods. Genomic data have proven to be reliable tools in resolving some aspects of these symbiotic associations. Although, Wolbachia appear to be fastidious or uncultivated bacteria which strongly limited their study. Here we proposed Drosophila S2 cell line for the isolation and culture model to study Wolbachia strains. We therefore isolated and characterized a novel Wolbachia strain associated with the bedbug Cimexhemipterus, designated as wChem strain PL13, and proposed Wolbachiamassiliensis sp. nov. strain wChem-PL13 a type strain of this new species from new supergroup T. Phylogenetically, T-supergroup was close to F and S-supergroups from insects and D-supergroup from filarial nematodes. We determined the 1,291,339-bp genome of wChem-PL13, which was the smallest insect-associated Wolbachia genomes. Overall, the wChem genome shared 50% of protein coding genes with the other insect-associated facultative Wolbachia strains. These findings highlight the diversity of Wolbachia genotypes as well as the Wolbachia-host relationship among Cimicinae subfamily. The wChem provides folate and riboflavin vitamins on which the host depends, while the bacteria had a limited translation mechanism suggesting its strong dependence to its hosts. However, the clear-cut distinction between mutualism and parasitism of the wChem in C. hemipterus cannot be yet ruled out.

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“…Literature review shows that currently there are not any data available on the presence of Wolbachia and Spiroplasma in Musca flies in Turkey. There are a few reports on the existence of Wolbachia in arthropods (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41) and there is only one report about Spiroplasma in sandflies (40). Molecular studies in Turkey have reported that Wolbachia infection was detected in Trissolcus species (36), in Culex pipiens (37,38) in sandflies (39,40), and in fleas (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a few reports on the existence of Wolbachia in arthropods (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41) and there is only one report about Spiroplasma in sandflies (40). Molecular studies in Turkey have reported that Wolbachia infection was detected in Trissolcus species (36), in Culex pipiens (37,38) in sandflies (39,40), and in fleas (41). On the other hand, Saki and Şimşek (42) concluded that Wolbachia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia spp. and Spiroplasma spp. in Musca spp.: Detection Using Molecular Approaches

Karatepe¹,

Aksoy²,

Karatepe³

2021

Turkiye Parazitol Derg

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This study aimed to detect the presence of Wolbachia and Spiroplasma endosymbionts in Musca flies through molecular approaches.Methods: In total, 40 Musca spp. (20 female and 20 male) were used. Before DNA extraction, the flies were dissected and their heads, wings and legs were detached from their bodies under a stereomicroscope. Genomic DNA was analysed by standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers against Musca beta-tubulin. Afterward, the samples were examined for the presence of Wolbachia spp. using primers against Wolbachia wsp and GroEL. Furthermore, the DNA samples were analysed by PCR to detect the presence of Spiroplasma using primers against the 16S rRNA. Results:No Wolbachia positivity was detected in Musca flies, as shown by the negative PCR results for wsp and GroEL. Spiroplasma positivity was detected in 5% (1/20) of the female Musca flies but not in the male flies (0/20). Conclusion:Wolbachia spp. were not detected in Musca flies. Of the total Musca flies, only one was positive for Spiroplasma spp.To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect the presence of Spiroplasma in Musca flies.

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Molecular detection and identification of Wolbachia endosymbiont in fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera)

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Isolation and Propagation of Laboratory Strains and a Novel Flea-Derived Field Strain of Wolbachia in Tick Cell Lines

Isolation and Propagation of Laboratory Strains and a Novel Flea-Derived Field Strain of Wolbachia in Tick Cell Lines

An Earliest Endosymbiont, Wolbachia massiliensis sp. nov., Strain PL13 from the Bed Bug (Cimex hemipterus), Type Strain of a New Supergroup T

<i>Wolbachia</i> spp. and <i>Spiroplasma</i> spp. in <i>Musca</i> spp.: Detection Using Molecular Approaches

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