Molecular detection of<i>Babesia</i>spp. and other haemoparasitic infections of cattle in Maputo Province, Mozambique

Martins, Tiago M.; Neves, Luís; Pedro, Olívia; Fafetine, José; Rosário, Virgílio Estólio do; Domingos, Ana

doi:10.1017/s003118200999196x

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In accordance with another RLB-based study in 477 cattle in Mozambique [ 63 ], no case of co-existence of the two Babesia spp. was recorded in this study; the lack of co-infections detected could be the hypothetical existence of competition between B. bigemina and B. bovis .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Tick-borne pathogens of zoonotic and veterinary importance in Nigerian cattle

et al. 2016

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BackgroundTicks and tick-borne diseases undermine cattle fitness and productivity in the whole of sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. In this West African country, cattle are challenged by numerous tick species, especially during the wet season. Consequently, several TBDs are known to be endemic in Nigerian cattle, including anaplasmosis, babesiosis, cowdriosis and theilerioris (by Theileria mutans and Theileria velifera). To date, all investigations on cattle TBDs in Nigeria have been based on cytological examinations and/or on serological methods. This study aimed to ascertain the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens of veterinary and zoonotic importance in cattle in Nigeria using molecular approaches.MethodsIn October 2008, 704 whole blood samples were collected from indigenous cattle in the Plateau State, Nigeria. Analysis for tick-borne pathogens was conducted by means of PCR-based reverse line blotting (RLB) and sequencing targeting a panel of five genera of microorganisms (i.e. Babesia, Theileria, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia spp.).ResultsIn total, 561/704 (82.6 %) animals were found infected, with 465 (69.6 %) of them being infected by two or more microorganisms, with up to 77 possible combinations of pathogens detected. Theileria mutans was the most prevalent microorganism (66.3 %), followed by Theileria velifera (52.4 %), Theileria taurotragi (39.5 %), Anaplasma marginale (39.1 %), Anaplasma sp. (Omatjenne) (34.7 %), Babesia bigemina (7.9 %), Anaplasma centrale (6.3 %), Anaplasma platys (3.9 %), Rickettsia massiliae (3.5 %), Babesia bovis (2.0 %) and Ehrlichia ruminantium (1.1 %). Calves were found significantly less infected than juvenile and adult cattle.ConclusionsThis study provides updated, molecular-based information on cattle TBDs in Nigeria. The molecular approach employed allowed the diagnosis of numerous positive cases including carrier statuses, multiple infections and novel pathogen detections within the indigenous cattle population. Moreover, the RLB method here described enabled the detection of veterinary agents not only pertaining to bovine health, including also those of zoonotic importance.The high prevalence recorded for T. mutans, T. velifera, A. marginale, T. taurotragi and Anaplasma sp. (Omatjenne), suggests they may be endemically established in Nigeria, whereas the lower prevalence recorded for other microorganisms (i.e. A. centrale and B. bovis) highlights a less stable epidemiological scenario, requiring further investigations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1504-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Tick-borne pathogens of zoonotic and veterinary importance in Nigerian cattle

et al. 2016

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“…These findings were higher than what was found by Brito et al (2007) in Rondônia, with a frequency of 3.09%, also using molecular diagnostic PCR. On the other hand, 20.4% of the animals were found to be positive for B. bovis, a frequency similar to what was observed by Martins et al (2010) in Mozambique, where 27% of the animals were positive. Furthermore, mixed infections with the hemoparasites B. bigemina and B. bovis were identified and were correlated with the ticks responsible for transmitting these diseases to cattle (MARTINS et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis complex: diagnosis and evaluation of the risk factors from Bahia, Brazil

Amorim

Wenceslau

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis complex: diagnosis and evaluation of the risk factors from Bahia, BrazilComplexo tristeza parasitária bovina: diagnóstico e avaliação dos fatores de risco na Bahia, Brasil AbstractDirect diagnoses were made by using -blood smears and nested PCR (nPCR) tests on 309 blood samples from crossbred dairy cattle in the municipality of Ibicaraí, Bahia. From diagnostic blood smear slides, the observed parasitic frequencies were 31.1% for Anaplasma marginale and 20.4% for Babesia sp. From nPCR diagnoses, they were 63% for A. marginale, 34% for Babesia bigemina and 20.4% for Babesia bovis. There were significant differences (P < 0.01) between the two diagnostic methods (nPCR and blood smear slides). The compliance obtained from the kappa test was 0.41 and 0.48 for A. marginale and Babesia sp., respectively. The tick samples from the six farms analyzed using nPCR were only positive for A. marginale. Evaluation of the risk factors relating to the presence of ticks and the age of the animals showed that there was a significant association (P < 0.01) with the frequency of animals infected with both pathogens. Therefore, under the conditions studied, nPCR proved to be a good tool for diagnosing the agents of the bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis complex because of its sensitivity and specificity in comparison with blood smears. The municipality of Ibicaraí is an area with endemic prevalence of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis confirmed by nPCR and A. marginale is the main agent of the disease.Keywords: Bovine Babesiosis and Anaplasmosis Complex, blood smear, nPCR, risk factors. ResumoRealizou-se o diagnóstico direto por esfregaço sanguíneo e nested PCR (nPCR) em 309 amostras de sangue de bovinos mestiços leiteiros provenientes do município de Ibicaraí, Bahia. A frequência observada no diagnóstico por lâminas de esfregaço sanguíneo foi 31,1% para Anaplasma marginale e 20,4% para Babesia sp. Enquanto que no diagnóstico por nPCR foi 63% para A. marginale, 34% para Babesia bigemina e 20,4% Babesia bovis. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas (P<0,01) na comparação entre os dois métodos de diagnósticos (nPCR e esfregaço sanguíneo). A concordância ao teste KAPPA obtida foi de 0,41 e 0,48 para A. marginale e Babesia sp., respectivamente. As amostras de carrapatos das seis propriedades analisadas por nPCR foram positivas apenas para A. marginale. Na avaliação dos fatores de risco verificou-se que a presença de carrapato e idade dos animais apresentaram associação significativa (P<0,01) com a frequência de animais infectados por ambos os patógenos analisados por nPCR. Portanto, nas condições estudadas, a nPCR revelou-se uma boa ferramenta para diagnóstico dos agentes do complexo tristeza parasitária bovina (TPB) devido a sensibilidade e especificidade, quando comparado ao esfregaço sanguíneo. O município de Ibicaraí

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“…Our T. parva strains (GenBank accession MT49411) were closely related to those from South Africa (GenBank accession MK792971) [ 44 ], Zambia (GenBank accession MG952926) [ 45 ], and Kenya (GenBank MH929322) [ 46 ] and (GenBank accession MN294730) [ 26 ]. Theileria velifera strains (GenBank accessions MT459436-MT459437) clustered within the same clade as strains from Kenya (GenBank accession MN853560) [ 33 ] and (GenBank accession MN294734) [ 26 ], South Africa (GenBank MK792966) [ 44 ], and Mozambique (GenBank accession FJ869897) [ 47 ]. Theileria mutans strains (GenBank accessions MT704609; MT704611) were closely related to those from Uganda (GenBank KU206320) [ 48 ], Kenya (GenBank accessions MN853552 [ 33 ] and MN294729 [ 26 ]), and South Africa (GenBank accession MK792976) [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular prevalence and risk factors associated with tick-borne pathogens in cattle in western Kenya

et al. 2021

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Background Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) are of global importance, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where they represent a major constraint to livestock production. Their association with human disease is also increasingly recognized, signalling their zoonotic importance. It is therefore crucial to investigate TBPs prevalence in livestock populations and the factors associated with their presence. We set out to identify TBPs present in cattle and to determine associated risk factors in western Kenya, where smallholder livestock production is important for subsistence and market-driven income. Results Tick-borne pathogen infections in blood samples collected from cattle at livestock markets and slaughterhouses between May 2017 and January 2019 were identified by high-resolution melting analysis and sequencing of PCR products of genus-specific primers. Of the 422 cattle sampled, 30.1% (127/422) were infected with at least one TBP, while 8.8% (37/422) had dual infections. Anaplasma spp. (19.7%) were the most prevalent, followed by Theileria (12.3%), Ehrlichia (6.6%), and Babesia (0.2%) spp. Sequence analysis of the TBPs revealed them to be Anaplasma platys-like organisms (13.5%), Theileria velifera (7.4%), Anaplasma marginale (4.9%), Theileria mutans (3.1%), Theileria parva (1.6%), and Babesia bigemina (0.2%). Ehrlichia ruminantium, Rickettsia spp., and arboviruses were not detected. Exotic breeds of cattle were more likely to be infected with A. marginale compared to local breeds (OR: 7.99, 95% CI: 3.04–22.02, p < 0.001). Presence of ticks was a significant predictor for Anaplasma spp. (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.32–3.69, p = 0.003) and Ehrlichia spp. (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.22–7.23, p = 0.022) infection. Cattle sampled at slaughterhouses were more likely to be positive for Anaplasma spp. (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.01–2.70, p = 0.048) and A. marginale (OR: 3.84, 95% CI: 1.43–12.21, p = 0.012), compared to those sampled at livestock markets. Conclusion This study reports TBP prevalence and associated risk factors in western Kenya, factors which are key to informing surveillance and control measures.

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Molecular detection ofBabesiaspp. and other haemoparasitic infections of cattle in Maputo Province, Mozambique

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Tick-borne pathogens of zoonotic and veterinary importance in Nigerian cattle

Tick-borne pathogens of zoonotic and veterinary importance in Nigerian cattle

Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis complex: diagnosis and evaluation of the risk factors from Bahia, Brazil

Molecular prevalence and risk factors associated with tick-borne pathogens in cattle in western Kenya

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