Molecular Detection of Infectious Pathogens of the Upper Respiratory Tract in Captive Nondomestic Felids

Lara, Valéria Maria; Benassi, Júlia Cristina; Bisetto, Shayne Pedrozo; Oliveira, Trícia M. de; Ferreira, Helena Lage; Júnior, João Pessoa Araújo; Carregaro, Adriano Bonfim

doi:10.1638/2015-0290r2.1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Immunoprophylaxis may be most effective if focused at the likely portal of pathogen entry. The upper respiratory tract is the site of entry for several important respiratory pathogens of cats, consisting of a diverse array of viral and bacterial organisms, including feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV‐1), calicivirus, Mycoplasma sp., Bordetella bronchiseptica , and Chlamydia felis . Activation of host innate immune defenses, including airway epithelial cells and immune cells in oropharyngeal lymphoid tissues, results in production of antiviral and antibacterial cytokines, including type I (INF‐α) and II (INF‐γ) interferons, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and interleukin 12 (IL‐12) and chemokines such as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and IL‐8 that recruit monocytes, T cells, and neutrophils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of upper respiratory tract mucosal innate immune responses in cats by liposomal toll‐like receptor ligand complexes delivered topically

Wheat

Chow

Coy

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Nonspecific induction of local innate immune responses by mucosally administered immunotherapy is a new approach to protection from upper respiratory tract infections. Therefore, a new liposome‐toll‐like receptor complex (LTC) immune stimulant was developed and investigated for its ability to activate innate immune responses in cats, both in vitro and in vivo, as part of an initial evaluation of LTC for use as an immunotherapeutic agent in cats. Objectives We hypothesized that LTC could activate innate immune responses in cats after topical application to nasal and oropharyngeal mucosal surfaces. Animals Mucosal immune responses to topical administration of LTC were assessed in 7 healthy, purpose‐bred cats, and in vitro responses were assessed using blood samples from healthy cats. Methods Cytokine and cellular immune responses to LTC were evaluated in blood samples, nasal lavage specimens, and pharyngeal swabs from cats, using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays, ELISA assays, and flow cytometry. Results Liposome‐TLR complexes rapidly activated leukocytes in vitro, including upregulation of costimulatory molecule expression and cytokine production. Topical administration of LTC in healthy cats triggered rapid recruitment of monocytes to the nasal and oropharyngeal mucosa. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Liposome‐TLR complexes were found to effectively activate innate immune responses in cats after mucosal administration. These findings suggest that LTC have potential for use as a new mucosally administered immunotherapy for nonspecific protection from viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of upper respiratory tract mucosal innate immune responses in cats by liposomal toll‐like receptor ligand complexes delivered topically

Wheat

Chow

Coy

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…O primeiro relato de VS-FCV surgiu em 2000, no estado da Califórnia, USA (PEDERSEN et al, 2000), seguido de relatos subsequentes no mesmo país (ABD-ELDAIM et al, 2005;HURLEY et al, 2004;SCHORR-EVANS et al, 2003), e com posteriores descrições na Europa (BATTILANI et al, 2013;CARINGELLA et al, 2019;COYNE et al, 2006a;DESCHAMPS et al, 2015;MEYER et al, 2011;REYNOLDS et al, 2009;WILLI et al, 2016) e na Ásia (GUO et al, 2018). No Brasil, não existem relatos descritos de VS-FCV, embora infecções pelo FCV tenham sido demonstradas em animais domésticos e selvagens, tanto em estudos sorológicos quanto por técnicas moleculares (CASTRO et al, 2015;FILONI et al, 2006;FILONI et al, 2012;FURTADO et al, 2017;HENZEL et al, 2012;HENZEL et al, 2013;JOHANN et al, 2009;LARA et al, 2017;PEREIRA et al, 2018;BATISTA et al, 2005).…”

Section: Epidemiologiaunclassified

Calicivirose Sistêmica: Uma Enfermidade Emergente Associada Ao Calicivírus Felino

Becker¹,

Monteiro²,

Costa³

et al. 2020

SCI. ANIM. HEALTH

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O calicivírus felino está distribuído mundialmente na população de gatos domésticos, estando geralmente associado a um complexo de doenças que afetam o sistema respiratório e cavidade oral, e incluem conjuntivite, rinosinusite, lacrimejamento, ulceração na mucosa oral e gengivite. Embora ainda não descrito no Brasil, nas últimas décadas alguns países têm relatado surtos envolvendo cepas de calicivírus denominadas de Calicivírus Virulento Sistêmico (Virulent Systemic Feline Calicivirus, VS-FCV) causando uma enfermidade nova, denominada de Calicivirose Sistêmica. Tal desordem clínica tem um mecanismo complexo e ainda pouco compreendido, que parece afetar mais gravemente gatos adultos e vacinados, resultando em altas taxas de mortalidade. Neste sentido, tanto a enfermidade como o seu agente etiológico vêm se tornando uma preocupação cada vez maior na medicina veterinária. Esta revisão acerca da Calicivirose Sistêmica aborda as características das cepas virais envolvidas, bem como sinais clínicos, métodos de diagnóstico, e possíveis alternativas de tratamento e prevenção.

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“…Only a few studies have been published regarding the anatomy of the tiger head, brain, tarsal, and stifle joints using MRI [30][31][32]. There are just a few published studies on certain clinical cases that affect this region in large cats (nondomestic cats) [33][34][35][36]. In this context, our study provides a comprehensive anatomical atlas of the nasal cavity of the domestic cat, as well as of the leopard, lion, and cheetah, using CT, MRI, and rhinoscopy and highlights the interspecific felid structural differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Anatomical Study Using Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Rhinoscopy of the Nasal Cavity of Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus L.) and Big Cats: Lion (Panthera leo leo L.), Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya L.), and Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus S.)

Díaz Martínez,

Arencibia Espinosa,

Soler Laguía

et al. 2024

Animals

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The objective of this work was to study the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity of the three species of big cats (leopard, lion, and cheetah) compared to the domestic cat through the use of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy. Computed tomography allowed us to clearly visualize the entire bony and cartilaginous framework that supports the nasal cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging permitted better visualization of the soft tissues of this cavity. On the other hand, rhinoscopy enabled the direct visualization of the mucosa of the vestibule and nasal cavity, which is very useful in the diagnosis of masses or foreign bodies. Furthermore, with this technique, it has been possible to observe several small orifices from the nasolacrimal duct, the pharyngeal auditory tube, and the lateral nasal gland. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy are useful tools in analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the nasal cavity in these species.

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Molecular Detection of Infectious Pathogens of the Upper Respiratory Tract in Captive Nondomestic Felids

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Activation of upper respiratory tract mucosal innate immune responses in cats by liposomal toll‐like receptor ligand complexes delivered topically

Activation of upper respiratory tract mucosal innate immune responses in cats by liposomal toll‐like receptor ligand complexes delivered topically

Calicivirose Sistêmica: Uma Enfermidade Emergente Associada Ao Calicivírus Felino

An Anatomical Study Using Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Rhinoscopy of the Nasal Cavity of Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus L.) and Big Cats: Lion (Panthera leo leo L.), Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya L.), and Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus S.)

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